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  • PharmaTutor
    15 March 2013

    PULMONARY DRUG DELIVERY: A REVIEW

    ABOUT AUTHORS:
    Dr. N.V. Satheesh Madhav, Girish Dwivedi*
    Dehradun Institute of Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy
    Village Makkawala, Mussoorie Diversion Road,
    Dehradun-248009
    *Girish10.dwivedi@yahoo.com

    ABSTRACT
    Pulmonary route of drug delivery gaining much importance in the present day research field as it enables to target the drug delivery directly to lung both for site specific and systemic treatment. The review is prepared with an aim to discuss about the technical, physiological, and efficacy aspects of the novel pulmonary route of drug targeting and different delivery devices such as metered dose inhalers (MDI), dry powder inhalers (DPI), nebulizers, etc. The review also focuses on the mechanisms of pulmonary drug administration along with compatibility of the excipients employed, devices used, techniques of particulate dosage production, evaluation and advancements in the pulmonary drug delivery. It can be concluded from whole study that different pulmonary delivery system possesses certain specificity for dosage formulations and serves as an important tool to deliver drugs to the target site.

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  • DRAFTING OF PATENT CLAIMS AND NONOBVIOUSNESS IN PATENT
    12 March 2013
    DRAFTING OF PATENT CLAIMS AND NONOBVIOUSNESS IN PATENT

    ABOUT AUTHORS:
    Mohit kumar*, Vishal Sachdeva,
    Seth G. L. Bihani S. D. College of Technical Education,
    Sri Ganganagar (RAJASTHAN) 335001, INDIA
    *mohigarg30@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    A well drafted application decides the fate of an invention. Drafting plays a vital role in the success of an invention during its prosecution, management and maintenance during its tenure and turning it into cash. Drafting a patent application is one of the most important and at the same time one of the most difficult process. The applicant or his agent should so draft a patent application that it is granted with an adequate scope or ambit so as to fully serve the business purpose(s) for which the patent is meant to be used. It is here that the importance of drafting the claims in a patent must be fully appreciated, as the drafting of claims must always be done with a clear focus on the exact business needs that are sought to be served by it. That is, a business strategy perspective must inform the thinking of the one who takes up the task of drafting the patent claims. The ultimate purpose of every business strategy is to ensure that a business makes the desired amount of profit to justify the risks taken in making the investments of resources and time. Similarly, the purpose of drafting claims should be to fully serve the business strategy at hand. Even so, only a small number of well drafted patents are actually used by businesses to help them to make or safeguard their profits. (Swarbrick James, 2007).

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  • REVIEW - QUALITY CONTROL OF PARENTERAL PRODUCTS
    8 March 2013
    REVIEW - QUALITY CONTROL OF PARENTERAL PRODUCTS

    About Authors:
    Abhijeet Welankiwar*, Sushant Tope
    Government college of pharmacy Amravati
    Kathora naka, amravati (maharashtra) 44460
    *abhi123welankiwar@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT:
    In a pharmaceutical organization a quality control is a fundamental segment that refers to a process of striving to produce a product by a series of measures requiring an organized effort by entire company to eliminate or prevent error at any stage of production. Quality control deals with testing, sampling, specification, documentation, release procedure which ensure that all tests are actually carried out prior to release of material for sale or use. Until its quality judged to satisfactory. This article deals with quality control of parenteral preparation which have 4 basic area that are Sterility, Freedom form Pyrogens, Freedom from particulate matter and leakers. It gives details on each of these 4 Basic areas. The achievement of sterile, non pyrogenic and particulate free parenteral product provides a significant challenge to ingenuity and creativity of parenteral scientist and technologist.

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  • Novel approach of Buccal Drug Delivery System: An Overview
    8 March 2013
    Novel approach of Buccal Drug Delivery System: An Overview

    About Authors:
    Ranabir Chanda, Saumya Samanta*, Dilip De, Jyotishman Bhattacharya, Anurup Mandal
    Bengal School of Technology, Hooghly, West Bengal, India
    *samantasaumya7@gmail.com

  • ETHYL CELLULOSE BASED GLIBEMCLAMIDE CONTROLLED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS
    4 March 2013
    ETHYL CELLULOSE BASED GLIBEMCLAMIDE CONTROLLED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS

    ABOUT AUTHORS:
    P.PRATHYUSHA*
    Department of Pharmaceutics,
    Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical and Educational Research,
    Anantapur, A.P, India.
    * prathyusha2012@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    In the present investigation, an attempt was made to formulate the Oral Controlled Release Matrix Tablets of Glibenclamide in order to improve efficacy, reduce the frequency of administration, reduce dose related side effects and better patient compliance. Four formulations were prepared by wet granulation method using Ethyl cellulose and as a polymer in the ratio of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4 and Conventional Tablets by using  Starch mucilage as a granulating agent. The formulated granules showed satisfactory flow properties. All the tablets formulation showed acceptable pharmaco technical properties and complied with pharmacopoeial standards. The tablets were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, drug content and invitro dissolution studies. In- vitro release studies were carried out at pH1.2 for first 2 hrs followed by phosphate buffer at pH7.4 over a period of 12hrs using USP dissolution apparatus. F3 shows good initial release of 25.2% in 1 hr and may extend release of 96.8% in 12 hrs. Different release models like zero order, first order, higuchi, Hixson-Crowell and krosmeyer-peppas were applied to invitro drug release data in order to evaluate the drug release mechanisms and kinetics. Formulated matrix tablets were compared with conventional and marketed (diaonil 5mg) formulations. Matrix tablets with optimum concentration of Ethyl cellulose were successfully developed and evaluated.

  • PERMEATION ENHANCERS - FULL INTRODUCTION: A REVIEW
    4 March 2013
    PERMEATION ENHANCERS - FULL INTRODUCTION: A REVIEW

    ABOUT AUTHORS:
    DEVENDRA SINGH1*, PANKAJ KUMAR SHARMA1, ROOHI KESHARWANI2, Dr. UDAI VIR SINGH SARA1
    1Raj kumar goel institute of technology, Delhi-Meerut Road, Ghaziabad, India
    2Chandra shekhar singh college of pharmacy, Kaushambi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
    * devendrasingh.pisces@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT:
    Oral administration still dominates drug therapy and more than 60 % of marketed drugs are oral products. This type of drug administration is preferred due to its convenience, high patient compliance, less stringent production conditions and lower costs. Unfortunately, this traditional drug delivery method has its limitations, due to gastrointestinal permeability, metabolism and elimination of drugs by the liver or gastrointestinal mucosa (first-pass effect). The main drawback of the oral route is that only those compounds that are stable in the gastrointestinal tract can be administered in this way. For this reason, the oral route has been used for mainly non-peptide drugs. Delivery of a drug by oral route is predominantly restricted by pre-systemic degradation and poor penetration across the gut wall. The major challenge in the oral drug delivery is the development of novel dosage forms to endorse absorption of poorly permeable drugs across the intestinal epithelium. In this article we reviewed the various permeation enhancers, histology of small intestine, barriers, application, advantages, some basic permeability enhancement techniques which are useful for enhancing the permeability of poorly permeable drugs

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  • FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF LORNOXICAM TRANSDERMAL PATCHES
    28 February 2013
    FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF LORNOXICAM TRANSDERMAL PATCHES

    About Authors:
    Rathod Garuji*, G. Ganesh Kumar
    Srikrupa Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
    Velikatta, Kondapak, Siddipet,
    Dist: Medak.A.P.
    *rathodpharma@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    Transdermal drug delivery is an alternative route for systemic drug delivery which minimizes the absorption and increases the bioavailability. Orally lornoxicam has a short elimination half-life (3-4 hrs.), low oral bioavailability undergoes extensive first pass metabolism and frequent high doses are required to maintain the therapeutic level as a result, dose development toxic effect. The purpose of this research work was to formulation and evaluation of lornoxicam transdermal patches using various polymers such as HPMC, Eudragit RL 100 and Eudragit RS 100 by solvent evaporation technique for improvement of bioavailability of drug and reducing toxic effects. The prepared formulations were evaluated for different physicochemical characteristics like thickness, folding endurance, drug content, percentage moisture absorption, percentage moisture loss and weight uniformity. Drug-excipient interaction studies were carried out using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy technique.The diffusion studies were performed by using modified Franz diffusion cells. The result of diffusion study shows that formulation, F2 showed maximum release of 94.19 % in 24 h, whereas F5 showed minimum release of 51.59 % in 24 h. Based on the drug release and physicochemical values obtained the formulation F2 is considered as an optimized formulation which shows higher percentage of drug release of 94.19 % in 24 h. The developed transdermal patches increase the therapeutic efficacy and reduced toxic effect of lornoxicam.

  • ORAL MUCOADHESIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS: A REVIEW
    26 February 2013
    ORAL MUCOADHESIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS: A REVIEW

    About Authors:
    Saumya Samanta1, Ranabir Chanda2, Jyotishman Bhattacharya3
    Benagal School of Technology,
    Chuchura, West Bengal, India
    *samantasaumya7@gmail.com

  • COMPARATIVE DISSOLUTION STUDIES FOR ACECLOFENAC MARKETED DOSAGE FORMS
    24 February 2013
    COMPARATIVE DISSOLUTION STUDIES FOR ACECLOFENAC MARKETED DOSAGE FORMS

    About Author:
    Sowjanya.G
    M.pharmacy II year
    Annamacharya college of pharmacy,
    Rajampet, kadapa dist, a.p, india
    Sowji.ces@gmail.com

  • SUNSCREEN & SUNSCREEN AGENTS : A REVIEW
    22 February 2013
    SUNSCREEN & SUNSCREEN AGENTS : A REVIEW

    About Authors:
    *M.C.Sai HariKishan, C.P.Meher, S.M.Ahmed
    Maheshwara Institute Of Pharmacy, Chitkul, Isnapur ,
    Patancheru, Hyderabad-502307
    *hari_mc@yahoo.com

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