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  • PharmaTutor
    25 January 2013

    BUCCAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

    About Author:
    Prathipati padmaja
    vathsalya college of pharmacy, JNTU
    prathipatipadmaja@gmail.com

    INTRODUCTION
    Buccal drug delivery was introduced by Orabase1 in 1947, when gum tragacanth was mixed with dental adhesive powder to supply penicillin to the oral mucosa (Sudhakar et al., 2006). In recent years, delivery of therapeutic agents through various transmucosal routes has gained significant attention.
    Buccal delivery of drugs provides an attractive alternative to the oral route of drug administration, particularly in overcoming deficiencies associated with the latter mode of dosing.  Buccal mucosa consist of stratified squamous epithelium supported by a connective tissue lamina propia (Squire and Wertz, 1996) was investigated as a site for drug delivery several decades ago and the interest in this area for the trasmucosal drug administration is still growing.

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  • MAGNETIC MICROSPHERE
    24 January 2013
    MAGNETIC MICROSPHERE

    About Author:
    Dipak Kumar Dash
    M Pharm pharmaceutics
    Production officer -Akorn india pvt ltd
    dipak.dipak.dash@gmail.com

    INTRODUCTION
    Introduction In recent years, polymeric controlled drug delivery systems have evolved as one of the most attractive areas in drug delivery research. The drug release is controlled by properties of the polymer-drug system and also by other factors like pH, enzymes etc. Despite several advantages offered by the controlled drug release, one important problem pertinent to the entire field is that all the systems so far developed give release rates that are constant or decrease with time.Increased delivery on demand will be very beneficial in situations like, delivery of insulin for patients with diabetes mellitus, antiarrythmics in case of heart disorders and nitrates in case of angina pectoris. This increased delivery on demand can be achieved by using external feed back control systems such as magnetic control. The concept of magnetically controlled drug delivery for the first time was proposed be Tyle in 1988. A system has been developed to magnetize the carriers so that these particles can be retained on the target site by the application of an external magnetic field of appropriate strength. Magnetic fields are believed to be harmless to biological systems and adaptable to any part of the body.

  • ENHANCEMENT OF DISSOLUTION RATE OF CEFIXIME TRIHYDRATE BY USING VARIOUS SOLID DISPERSION TECHNIQUES
    24 January 2013
    ENHANCEMENT OF DISSOLUTION RATE OF CEFIXIME TRIHYDRATE BY USING VARIOUS SOLID DISPERSION TECHNIQUES

    About Authors:
    Narasimha Murthy Yedulapurapu*, Babu Rao. Chandu
    Donbosco P.G. College of Pharmacy, 5th mile,
    Pulladigunta, Kornepadu (V), vatticherukuru (M),
    Guntur, Pin code: 522017, Andhra Pradesh.
    *Murthyvedulapurapu@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT:
    Cefixime Trihydrate is an orally active third generation cephalosporin. It has plasma half-life of 3-4hrs; it is active against Gram+ve as well as Gram-ve bacteria. The present investigation involves the enhancement of dissolution rate of cefixime by using various solid dispersion techniques with a view to prolong the drug release in the gastrointestinal tract and consequently into the plasma. The solid dispersions were formulated by using the Croscarmelose sodium as a disintegrant. The solid dispersions were prepared by solvent evaporation, kneading, Physical mixing, Co-grinding techniques. In solvent evaporation technique, Dichloromethane is used as a solvent and in kneading technique water is used as solvent. The prepared solid dispersions were evaluated for in-vitro dissolution studies. Among the 5 formulations F5 sows the good results.

  • NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
    22 January 2013
    NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

    About Author:
    Kambham venkateswarlu
    graduate student
    Sri lakshmi narasimha college of pharmacy,
    palluru, chittor-517132, andhra pradesh, india
    k.v.reddy9441701016@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT:
    Nanotechnology is the technology of nanoparticles which are made of polymers of synthetic or natural origin. Nanoparticle is a collective name for nanospheres and nanocapsules of size from 10-1000nm. Nanocapsules are vesicular systems in which drug is confined to a cavity surrounded by a unique polymer membrane. Nanospheres are matrix systems in the drug are physically and uniformly dispersed. Nanotechnology is the design, characterization, production on and application of structures, devices and systems by controlling shape and size on the nanoscale. Nanotechnology in medicine is referred to as nanomedicine and involves the implementation of technologies that exist or function at the cellular and levels medical use.

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  • INDIAN DRUG REGULATORY SYSTEM: MOVING TO A NEW ERA
    21 January 2013
    INDIAN DRUG REGULATORY SYSTEM: MOVING TO A NEW ERA

    About Author:
    Priyank Sharma
    M. Pharm, Drug Regulatory Affairs
    Jaipur National University
    Jaipur, Rajasthan
    Priyank2k4urwith@gmail.com

    Abstract:
    The Pharmaceutical industry represents one of the India’s strength.  The regulation of pharmaceuticals in India is generally seen to be in need of reform, and has been the subject of many official commissions since 1995. Most commentators agree that the state should intervene to prevent untrammeled market forces leading to citizens’ suffering, because adequate information about the costs and benefits of different pharmaceuticals is inaccessible to most users. But in India, a wide range of stakeholders must be considered before changes can be made to the regulatory framework.

  • FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THEOPHYLLINE MICROSPHERE
    20 January 2013
    FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THEOPHYLLINE MICROSPHERE

    About Authors:
    Sofiya Verma*, Dipak V, Ashok A, Neha C, Jagruti R, Ashutosh. M
    Shri ram institute of pharmacy
    Jabalpur M.P
    *sofiyavermamph@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT:
    The purpose of this research was to prepare and characterize theophylline microsphere of guar gum polymer for the application of nocturnal asthma. The microsphere were prepared by using emulsification method using sodium borate as a cross linking agent and coating was done by solvent evaporation method with the pH sensitive eudragit S-100 polymers. The prepared microsphere were white, free flowing and spherical in shape. The drug-loaded microsphere showed entrapment efficiency and   drug release was extended upto 6 to 8 h. The infrared spectra, differential scanning calorimetry thermographs and XRD spectra all showed the stable character of both the drugs in the drug-loaded microspheres and revealed the absence of drug-polymer interactions. Scanning electron microscopy study revealed that the microspheres were spherical and porous in nature. The prepared theopylline microsphere has the potential for delaying the release of drug.

  • QUALITY CONTROL TESTING OF PACKAGING MATERIALS
    18 January 2013
    QUALITY CONTROL TESTING OF PACKAGING MATERIALS

    About Author:
    Sahil Jasuja1*, Mahesh Kumar Kataria2
    1Department of Quality Assurance,
    2Assistant Professor
    Seth G.L. Bihani S.D. College of Technical education (Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Drug Research),
    Sri Ganganagar, (Raj.), India.
    *sahiljasuja@rediffmail.com

  • SMEDDS A NOVEL APPROACH TO IMPROVE BIOAVAILABILITY: A REVIEW
    17 January 2013
    SMEDDS A NOVEL APPROACH TO IMPROVE BIOAVAILABILITY: A REVIEW

    About Authors:
    Anoop Patel*1, Anoop Kumar1, Neha Sharma1, Monika Prajapati2
    1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut, U.P., India
    2Raj Kumar Goel institute of technology, 5th K.M. Stone Delhi Meerut Road, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh- 201003
    *anoop.p.2007@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT:
    Oral route still remains the favorite route of drug administration in many diseases because it is very suitable for drug delivery and non invasive. Till today it attracts to many researchers for investigation in the development of new dosage forms. The major problem in oral drug formulations is low and erratic bio-availability due to less water solubility and permeability of the drug across the biological membrane. This may arise high inter and intra subject variability due to lack of dose proportionality and therapeutic failure. It is estimated that 40% of new active constituents which are investigated recently show poor water solubility due to their lipophilic nature. The improvement of bio-availability of these drugs with such properties presents one of the greatest challenges in drug formulations. Several technologies are used for overcome these problems including micronization, solid dispersions, cyclodextrins complex formation and different lipid based drug delivery systems. Self-emulsifying drug delivery system is one the most important and advanced technology for enhancing the oral bio-availability as well reducing in dose. This system also gained attraction for enabling more consistent drug absorption, selective targeting of drugs in GIT, and protection of drugs from the inner environment of gut.

  • DISCUSSION ON NOVEL VAGINAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS – A RECENT REVIEW
    16 January 2013
    DISCUSSION ON NOVEL VAGINAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS – A RECENT REVIEW

    About Authors:
    Lohithasu Duppala1*, Anil kumar vadda2
    1GITAM Institute of Pharmacy, GITAM University, Pharmaceutics, visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India-530045.
    2AVANTHI Institute of pharmaceutical sciences, pharmacology, visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India-530045.
    1lohithasu@gmail.com, 2anilkumar.vadda@gmail.com

    INTRODUCTION:
    Commonly, the olden days ,vaginal drug delivery systems are used to deliver vaginal infections treatment drugs  and contraceptives.1     The advantage of intra-vaginal controlled drug administration over conventional/traditional oral administration is the drug absorbed systemically because due to the presence of dense network of blood vessels in vaginal wall The vaginal cavity is also an effective site for the uterine targeting of various therapeutic agents such as terbutaline, progesterone and danazol.2   But now-a-days ,the poorly absorbed oral drugs to be formulated as targeted vaginal drug delivery system to treat vaginal infections. In 1970, the first vaginal ring was used for delivery of medroxyprogesterone acetate for contraception.3 Vaginal drug delivery systems are traditionally used to deliver contraceptive and drugs to treat vaginal infections.

  • CROSSOVER DESIGNS AND BIOAVAILABILITY STUDY WITH STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: A REVIEW
    15 January 2013
    CROSSOVER DESIGNS AND BIOAVAILABILITY STUDY WITH STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: A REVIEW

    About Authors:
    Bhupender Kumar*, Prof. Sudeep Bhardwaj, Monish Sharma, Ramchandra
    Seth G.L. Bihani S.D. College of Technical Education (Institute Of Pharmaceutical Sciences
    And Drug Research), Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, 335001
    *bhupendra.nimiwal@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT:
    In a typical crossover design, each subject takes each of the treatments under investigation on different occasions. Comparative bioavailability or bioequivalence studies, in which two or more formulations of the same drug are compared, are usually designed as crossover studies. Perhaps the greatest appeal of the crossover design is that each patient acts as his or her own control. This feature allows for the direct comparison of treatments, and is particularly efficient in the presence of large inter individual variation. However, caution should be used when considering this design in studies where carryover effects or other interactions are anticipated. Under these circumstances, a parallel design may be more appropriate.

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