Pharmaceutics Articles

24 October 2012

HERBAL ALTERNATIVES TO ASTHMA

Aabout Author:
Dhirendra C. Patel*
Master of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology,
S.K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University,
Kherva, Mehsana, Gujarat, India.
dhiren.pharmacy@gmail.com

Abstract:
Herbal medicines are very popular in treatment of the asthma in the modern era because of lots of benefits of it like less cost, less side effects, easily available etc. Herbal alternatives to asthma are better way for treatment of asthma. Various herbal medicines recognize that immune system functioning can play a vital role in helping to control the symptoms of asthma and strengthen the body's defenses against environmental allergens. Herbal medicines like ephedra, ginger, chamomile, elderberry, licorice, mullein, stinging nettle etc are very beneficial in asthma. Scientists have found evidence to support herbal's wide range of medicinal actions. These actions include the lowering of cholesterol levels, relief for allergies and asthma etc. Herbs have been used by people for longer than we have been keeping written record. Originally they were found in the wild by the gatherers and used for lots of different things. I light here, the use of herbals in asthma. It aims to tap into the body’s own healing mechanism by transforming the “triggers” of such attacks as part of the remedy. Opinions of different authors are saying that herbal medication is better way for asthma treatment.
23 October 2012

A REVIEW: PARENTERAL CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

About Author:
Mahek Goel
Shri Baba Mastnath Institute of Pharmaceutical Science & Research
Asthal Bohar, Rohtak, Haryana (124001)
mahekgoel10@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Parenteral drug delivery systems are the preparations that are given other than oral route. (Para-outside, enteric–intestine). Parenteral drug delivery systems are most preferred drug delivery systems as they meet many benefits over other dosage forms in many cases such as unconsciousness, nausea, in emergency clinical episodes. The Parenteral administration route is the most common and efficient for delivery of active drug substances with poor bio-availability and the drugs with a narrow therapeutic index. But parenteral route offers rapid onset of action with rapid declines of systemic drug level. For the sake of effective treatment it is often desirable to maintain systemic drug levels within the therapeutically effective concentration range for as long as treatment calls for. It requires frequent injection, which ultimately leads to patient discomfort. For this reason, drug delivery system which can reduce total number of injection throughout the effective treatment, improve patient compliance as well as pharmacoeconomic. These biodegradable injectable drug delivery system offer attractive opportunities for protein delivery and could possibly extend patent life of protein drugs.Parenteral drug delivery system seeks to optimize therapeutic index by providing immediate drug to the systemic pool in required quantity to treat– cardiac attacks, respiratory attacks. This article explores various prolonged release parenteral drug delivery system and their strategies of preparation, their potential benefits/drawbacks and in-vitro testing methods.
22 October 2012

SOLUBILITY ENHANCEMENT OF POORLY WATER SOLUBLE DRUG CELECOXIB

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About Authors:
Mr. Pranab Prakash Panigrahi^1*, Mr. Ajit Kumar Acharya²
¹B.Pharm, ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHARMACY AND HEALTH SCIENCES, BERHAMPUR
²Asst.Professor, ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHARMACY AND HEALTH SCIENCES, BERHAMPUR
*pranab.panigrahi@rediffmail.com

INTRODUCTION
Poorly water-soluble drugs often require high doses in order to reach therapeutic plasma concentrations after oral administration. Improvement in the extent and rate of dissolution is highly desirable for such compounds, as this can lead to an increased and more re-producible oral bioavailability and subsequently to clinically relevant dose reduction and more reliable therapy. More than 40% of newly discovered drugs have little or no water solubility presents a serious challenge to the successful development and commercialization of new drugs in the pharmaceutical industry. Now a days, pharmaceutical technology provides many approaches to enhance the dissolution rate of poorly soluble drugs. Physical modifications often aim to increase the surface area, solubility and/or wet ability of the powder particles and are therefore focused on particle size reduction or generation of amorphous states [Hancock, 1997 & Grau, 2000]. Several methods have been employed to improve the solubility of poorly water soluble drugs. A solid dispersion technique has been used by various researchers who have reported encouraging results with different drugs. The first drug whose rate and extent of absorption was significantly enhanced using the solid dispersion technique was sulfathiazole by Sekiguchi and Obi (Sekiguchi, 1961)¹.
21 October 2012

FORMULATION AND INVITRO EVALUATION OF IMMEDIATE RELEASE FOR QUETIAPINE FUMARATE IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM

About Authors:
Ashokkumar.m*, M.Senthil kumar, Dinesh, Jenish, Marshel, Hariharan
Annai veilankanni’s college of pharmacy
Saidapet, Chennai-600015, Tamilnadu
*mgashokkumar123@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Atypical antipsychotic Quetiapine was used for the treatment of schizophrenia is a severe illness with substantial effects on individual and social functioning, Quetiapine and its active metabolite N-desalkyl-Quetiapine have affinities to dopaminergic D1-and D2receptors,5-HT2 receptors. To design of immediate release dosage form of quetiapine fumarate that will help in releasing drug with short period of time. The quetiapine fumarate tablets were successfully prepared by direct compression method. The physiochemical evaluation results for the powdered material of all trials pass the official limits in angle of repose, compressibility index and drug content. In the 9 trials, the optimized formulation was F3 trial which releases the quetiapine fumarate immediately within an hour.
21 October 2012

NANOTECHNOLOGY: NANOCRYSTALS

About Authors:
Patel Chirag J*, Asija Rajesh, Asija Sangeeta
Maharishi Arvind Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Jaipur.
*chirag.bangalore@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Oral delivery of drugs with poor aqueous solubility and poor enzymatic and/or metabolic stability is very challenging. However, the advent of nanotechnology has revolutionized the field of oral drug delivery. Development of poorly soluble and/or permeable drug molecules using nanocrystal formulations has proven to be highly successful due to the greater surface/volume ratio, resulting in improvements in dissolution and bioavailability as well as enhanced permeability.The industrially relevant bottom up (precipitation) and top down production technologies (pearl milling, high pressure homogenization, and combination technologies) are presented. This review discusses drug loading among various nanoparticles, method of preparation, evaluation and success of nanocrystals compared to other nanotechnologies.
19 October 2012

SCREENING OF DIURETIC AGENTS-AN OVERVIEW

About Authors:
*Nilesh Sovasia, Prof.Sanjeev Thacker, Arshad Hala
Seth G.L.Bihani S.D.College Of Technical Education,
Institute Of Pharmaceutical Science & Drug Research,
Sri Ganganagar,Rajasthan,India
*nilesh.sovasia@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT
Diuretic agents are very useful for several critical conditions like hypertension, heart failure, renal failure, nephrotic syndrome, and cirrhosis.The various methods for screening of Diuretic agents provides useful tool to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the drugs.It is also useful for determining the dose lavel of particular class of diuretic agents.
18 October 2012

ESTIMATION OF TEMOZOLOMIDE BY USING RP-HPLC IN ITS PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM

About Authors:
Segu Sairam*, Mulla Mahaboob Basha, S Ananda Thangadurai, V Kranthi kumar
Swamy vivekanandha college of pharmacy, dept. Of pharmaceutical analysis,
Elayampalayam, tiruchengode – 637205.
*Sairampharma2020@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
A simple, sensitive and specific method reverse phase - high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) have been developed and validated for the estimation of Temozolomide in its Pharmaceutical dosage form.
Estimation of Temozolomide by using RP-HPLC coupled with UV
An isocraticREVERSE PHASE - HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY method was developed and validated for the estimation of Temozolomide in its Pharmaceutical dosage forms. The separation of the analytes was performed on aDevelosil ODS MG.5 (150×4.6mm),5µm, with mobile phase containing (0.5% w/v glacial acetic acid) named as Solution-A : Methanol [90 : 10, v / v] was used. The flow rate was 1 ml min^-1 and separation was monitored by UV detection at 254 nm. Chromatogram showed peak at a retention time of 7.306 ± 0.009 min. validation of the method for linearity and range, intra-day and inter-day precision, accuracy, specificity, recovery, ruggedness, robustness and limits of detection and quantification were obtained as 0.598 µg / ml and 1.81 µg / ml respectively. The calibration plot was linear from 20-60 µg ml^-1and the correlation coefficient was 0.999.The proposed method is fast, accurate and precise for the quantitative determination of Temozolomide capsules.

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16 October 2012

NOVEL FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

About Authors:
Tyagi Nitin*, Singh Vikram Jeet, Mishra Santosh Kumar
CARPS, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shobhit University,
Meerut, U.P.(250110), India.
*nitintyagi27@yahoo.in

Abstract
These tablets were introduced in 1980s in the market and since their introduction in the market the fast dissolving tablets are gaining popularity regularly. Due to their rapid disintegration or dissolution in the oral cavity as they come into contact of saliva normally with in one minute, without the use of water these provides patient compliance particularly to the pediatric, geriatric ,bedridden patients and for patients who are very much busy in travelling and does not have easy access to water. The present article aims on the recent advancements in the fast dissolving tablets and provides a good information about the advantages,limitations, mechanism of action of superdisintegrants, the conventional and patented development techniques and about the evaluation parameters of the fast dissolving tablets.
16 October 2012

A RECENT APPROACH TOWARDS TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY BY VARIOUS TECHNIQUES

About Authors:
K.S.Khatri
S.K.Patel education and research, Kherva,
Mehasana-384001
kkhatri_pharm@yahoo.com

Abstract:
Interest in transdermal drug delivery systems has increased on several fronts over the past several years because of the inherent advantages over the oral delivery such as the avoidance of gastrointestinal absorption, enzymatic and pH associated deactivation. Stratum corneum forms highly lipophilic membrane and provides the greatest resistance to penetration of drugs. A number of chemical and physical permeation enhancement techniques have been investigated. Chemical enhancers represent the most widely studied approach to transdermal drug permeation enhancement but are associated with toxicity, therefore limiting their clinical application. In recent years the emergence of number of physical techniques has expanded the range of drugs that can be delivered transdermally. Promising new technologies involved in enhancing transdermal permeation are Abrasion, Electroporation, Sonophoresis/Phonophoresis, Pressure waves, Iontophoresis, Laser Radiation,Magnetophoresis, Microneedles, Needleless injection and many more. In the present reviewed tried to discuss alternate techniques of enhancing the transdermal transport.

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12 October 2012

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE GUAR GUM MATRIX TABLETS OF METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE

About Authors:
Shaik .Shabbeer*, V.Sruthi, P.Usha, K.Mahesh
Department of Pharmaceutical sciences, Swami Ramananda Tirtha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Nalgonda, Andhra Pradesh, India-508001
*shkshabbeer@yahoo.com