Biotechnology Articles

27 June 2013

PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS OF RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY: AN OVERVIEW

ABOUT AUTHOR:
Muhammad Mujahed
M.Sc Biotechnology
Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Vishnupuri , Nanded.
mujubiotech2011@rediffmail.com

INTRODUCTION:
A few decades ago, it was realized that certain proteins could be used as pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of human diseases. e.g. insulin for diabetes mellitus, interferon for viral diseases. However the availability of such therapeutic/ pharmaceutical products was limited due to costly and cumbersome procedures involved in their isolation. Further, their use in humans was associated with several complications. For instance, administration of pig insulin to diabetic patients results in the development of antibodies.

The advent of recombinant DNA technology heralded a new chapter for the production of a wide range of therapeutic agents in sufficient quantities for human use. The commercial exploitation of recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology began in late 1970s by biotechnological companies to produce proteins.There are around 400 different proteins being produced by rDNAtechnologyand as of now around 30 have been approved for human use.
21 March 2013

Bio Fertilizers

The worldwide spread of inflation, initiated by several fold rises in Petroleum price thereby depicting its striking influence on the prices of chemical nitrogenous fertilizers, the prices of nitrogenous fertilizers have nearly doubled during the last 3-4 years. This has necessitated to search for cheaper source of nitrogen to meet the needs of crops. This has rejuvenation of soil microbiology to tap out the biological fixation of nitrogen.
18 March 2013

DISCUSSION ON BIOREMEDIATION AND ITS APPLICATIONS:AN OVERVIEW

About Authors:
Lohithasu Duppala^*1, Madhu priya Damuluri,¹ Anilkumar vadda²
¹GITAM Institute of Pharmacy, GITAM University, visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India-530045.
²AVANTHI Institute of pharmaceutical sciences, pharmacology, visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh,India-530045.
*lohithasupharma@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
The environmental biotechnology employs the application of genetic engineering to improve the efficiency and cost which is essential to the future wide spread exploitation of microorganisms to reduce the environmental burden of toxic substances. Now a days it can be achieved by bioremediation, is the process by using microorganism metabolism to remove pollutants and organic substances. It may be employed to attack specific soil contaminants, such as degradation chlorinated hydrocarbons by bacteria.
18 January 2013

Biosensor for HIV Diagnosis at All Stages of Infection- A Nano Idea

About Authors:
Dhanya V C
Kasturba medical college, Manipal University
Indian Veterinary Research Institute
dhanya285@gmail.com

INTRODUCTION:
A biosensor is a device that uses specific biochemical reactions mediated by isolated enzymes, immunosystems, tissues, organelles or whole cells to detect chemical compounds usually by electrical, thermal or optical signals (1). Or in other words, Sensor that integrates a biological element with a physiochemical transducer to produce an electronic signal proportional to a single analyte which is then conveyed to a detector.

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3 January 2013

EFFECT OF LYOPHILIZATION AND CRYOPRESERVATION ON PLANT LEAVES OF TERMINALIA ARJUNA TERMINALIA CATAPPA, TERMINALIA CHEBULA, JATROPHA GOSSYPIFOLIA, JATROPHA CURCAS

About Authors:
¹Hardik R. Patel*, ²Upanita C. Patel
¹Industrial biotechnologist, ²Microbiologist
Anand, Gujarat, India.
*hardikigbt@gmail.com

INTRODUCTION:
Cryopreservation and lyophilization of plant germplasm has obvious advantages over in vitro storage in term of space saving and improved phytosanitation. We compared cryopreserved and lyophilized leaf as sources for genomic DNA isolation by CTAB protocol and PVP protocol.Our results showed that cryopreservation of leaf tissue yielded high molecular weight genomic DNA. The DNA was suitable for restriction-enzyme digestion and as a template for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. While these results rule out cryopreserved tissue as a source for DNA isolation, the ability to freeze-dry, powder, and efficiently store voluminous tissue samples for later use in DNA and protein isolation could be of great benefit to laboratories involved in molecular genetics and molecular biology.
19 December 2012

EFFECT OF CRYOPRESERVATION, LYOPHILIZATION ON DNA EXTRACTION PROTOCOL OF ACACIA ARABICA, ACACIA SINUATA, PROSOPIS SPICIGERA, ADENANTHERA PAVONINA AND ACACIA AURICULIFORMIS

About Authors:
Hardik R. Patel
Industrial Biotechnology from Sardar Patel University,
Gujarat, India.
hardikigbt@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Cryopreservation and lyophilization of plant germplasm has obvious advantages over in vitro storage in term of space saving and improved phytosanitation. We compared cryopreserved and lyophilized leaf as sources for genomic DNA isolation by CTAB protocol and PVP protocol.Our results showed that cryopreservation of leaf tissue yielded high molecular weight genomic DNA. The DNA was suitable for restriction-enzyme digestion and as a template for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. While these results rule out cryopreserved tissue as a source for DNA isolation, the ability to freeze-dry, powder, and efficiently store voluminous tissue samples for later use in DNA and protein isolation could be of great benefit to laboratories involved in molecular genetics and molecular biology.
4 December 2012

HEALTH BENEFITS AND DRAW BACKS OF GENETICALLY ENGINEERED/ GENETICALLY MODIFIED (GM) TOMATOES: AN OVERVIEW

About Authors:
Satyanand Tyagi^1*, Patel Chirag J¹, Patel Jaimin¹, Chaudhari Bharat¹, Ram Narayan Prajapati³
¹*President, Tyagi Pharmacy Association & Scientific Writer (Pharmacy),
Chattarpur, New Delhi, India-110074.
Prof. Satyanand Tyagi is a life time member of various pharmacy professional bodies like IPA, APTI and IPGA. He has published various research papers, review articles and short communications. He is member of Editorial Advisory Board for some reputed Pharmacy Journals. He is recently appointed as an Author for International Pharmaceutical Writers Association (IPWA). (Appointed as an author for the chapters of book on Pharmaceutical Chemistry). His academic work includes 62 Publications (52 Review Articles, 08 Research Articles and 02 short Communications of Pharmaceutical, Medicinal and Clinical Importance, published in standard and reputed National and International Pharmacy journals; Out of 62 publications, 11 are International Publications). His research topics of interest are neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes mellitus, cancer, rare genetic disorders, psycho-pharmacological agents as well as epilepsy.
²Department of Pharmaceutics, Maharishi Arvind Institute of Pharmacy, Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India-302020.
³Institute of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India-284128.
*sntyagi9@yahoo.com, +91-9871111375/09582025220

ABSTRACT:
A Genetically Modified (GM) tomato, or transgenic tomato or genetically engineered is a tomato that has had its genes modified, using genetic engineering. The first commercially available genetically modified food was a tomato engineered to have a longer shelf life. Currently there are no genetically modified tomatoes available commercially, but scientists are developing tomatoes with new traits like increased resistance to pests or environmental stresses. Other projects aim to enrich tomatoes with substances that may offer health benefits or be more nutritious.
15 October 2012

Applications of Biosensors technology : Future trends development and new intervation in biotechnology

About Author:
KIRANKUMAR K. VAGHASIYA
M.Sc. Biotechnology
Bhagwan Mahavir College Of Biotechnology, Surat
* vaghasiyakiran51@yahoo.co.in

Abstract:
Biosensors can be excellent analytical tools for monitoring programs working to implement legislation.Biosensor are analytical devices which are capable of providing either qualitative or quantitative results. Biosensor technology to be in a very early stage of development. There are many market opportunities. In this article, biosensors for environmental analysis and monitoring are extensively reviewed. Examples of biosensors for the most important families of environmental pollutants, including some commercial devices, are presented. Finally, future trends in biosensor development are discussed. In this context, bioelectronics, nanotechnology, environmental pollution, and especially biotechnology seem to be growing areas that will have marked influence on the development of new biosensing strategies in the next future.At present There are various types of biosensor available for the number of industrial and diagnostic Applications.
14 October 2012

Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay- An overview

About Authors:
Krunal Parikh^*, Mr. Maheshkumar Kataria, Jatin Patel, Tarun Patel, Dhiren Shah
Seth G. L. Bihani S.D. College of Technical Education, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research,
Sriganganagar, India
*Krunal_2922@yahoo.in

ABSTRACT
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are plate-based assays designed for detecting and quantifying substances such as peptides, proteins, antibodies and hormones. Other names, such as enzyme immunoassay (EIA), are also used to describe the same technology. In an ELISA, an antigen must be immobilized to a solid surface and then complexed with an antibody that is linked to an enzyme. Detection is accomplished by assessing the conjugated enzyme activity via incubation with a substrate to produce a measureable product. The most crucial element of the detection strategy is a highly specific antibody-antigen interaction. There are three methods of ELISA. Each type of ELISA can be used qualitatively to detect the presence of antibody or antigen. Alternatively, a standard curve based on known concentration of antibody or antigen is prepared, from which the unknown concentration of a sample can be determined.
14 October 2012

A Review Green biotechnology - a help to the environment

About Authors:
Kiran K.Vaghasiya*, Alpesh J.Shiroya
Bhagwan Mahavir College Of Biotechnology ,
Surat
*vaghasiyakiran51@yahoo.co.in

Abstract
Green biotechnologydeals with the use of environmentally-friendly solutions as an alternative to traditional agriculture, horticulture, and animal breeding processes. An example is the designing of transgenic plants that are modified for improved flavor, for increased resistance to pests and diseases, or for enhanced growth in adverse weather conditions. Genetically enhanced crops are one tool that could contribute to a more harmonious balance between food production and our surrounding environment. The overall message is that biotech plants can, and already do, contribute positively to reducing CO2 emissions and anticipating the impact of climate change on food scarcity. This will increase as they are more widely adopted. This document aims to provide background information about the role green biotech currently plays, and can play in future, in helping to combat climate change.