Articles

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ABOUT AUHTOR
Pranav Nayak B*
Srinivas college of pharmacy,
Mangalore, Karnataka India,
*nayak.pranav10@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Cinnamon is used as a spice in our day to day life. It is aromatic. It is principally employed in cookery as a condiment and flavoring agent. It has been acquainted as one of the healthiest spices and has medicinal activity. When it is checked for chemical constituents it reveals phenolic flavonoid and carotenoid contents. They contain rich amount of polyphenols which are powerful antioxidants. It inhibits the growth of certain bacteria and fungi. It helps to reduce the blood glucose by increasing insulin in the body by the mechanism of resisting insulin depletion. It interferes with carbohydrate digesting enzyme and reduces degradation of carbohydrate as a result of which it decreases entry of glucose from intestine to blood stream. It reduces the growth of cancer cells. ‘N’ number of pharmacological investigationsconfirmed that the ability of this plant is to exhibit hepatoprotective, neuroprotective and cardioprotective action. This present article will provide you with detailed information on the most of the aspects of cinnamon.

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ABOUT AUHTORS
Priyanka R. Waghmare¹*, Priynka G. Kakade¹ , Prashant L. Takdhat², Ashwini M. Nagrale², SM Thakare², MM Parate^3
1 Dr. R. G. Bhoyar Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research,
Wardha, Maharashtra, India
² Dr. R. G. Bhoyar Institute of Pharmacy,
Wardha, Maharashtra, India
³ Daga Memorial Hospital,
Maharashtra, Nagpur, India
*waghmarepriyancka@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Herbal medicines are gaining increased popularity due to their advantages, such as better patient tolerance, long history of use, fewer side-effects and being relatively less expensive. Furthermore, they have provided good evidence for the treatment of a wide variety of difficult to cure diseases. The skin is the outermost layer of the body that is often easily damaged by environmental factors as well as stress and poor eating habits. Acne vulgaris (or simply acne) is an infectious disease and one of the most prevalent human diseases. Acne is a cutaneous pleomorphic disorder of the pilosebaceous unit involving abnormalities in sebum production and is characterized by both inflammatory and noninflammatory lesions. Common therapies that are used for the treatment of acne include topical, systemic, hormonal, herbal and combination therapy. Although here is a wide market for cosmetic products that offers to improve skin problems, nature also provides a solution to these. Although the medical and surgical treatment options are the same, it is these features that should be kept in mind when designing a treatment regimen for acne. Natural treatments for skin that give lasting results are often better than expensive commercial products and cosmetic procedures. One such natural treatment is turmeric powder for skin. Turmeric is considered safe in amounts found in foods and when taken orally and topically in medicinal quantities. Turmeric’s primary biologically active component is curcumin. Research has shown that curcumin has potent antioxidant, wound-healing, and anti-inflammatory properties, which may prove to be therapeutic against acne. This review focuses on the treatment of acne using turmeric as medicinal drug.

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ABOUT AUHTORS
Noorul Hasan*, Mohd. Mujahid, Badruddeen, Nesar Ahmad, Shahla Parveen, Shaikh Zohrameena, Zafar Khan
Faculty of Pharmacy,
Integral University, Lucknow, U.P. (India)
*noorulkhan999@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral condition primarily affecting children but regularly persisting into adolescence and adulthood. The symptoms must present in multiple settings ie home, school, work, be inappropriate for developmental level and interfere with the individual’s level of functioning, social development, learning processes, and quality of life. There are three presentations of ADHD i.e. inattentive, hyperactive and combined. There is a substantial pharmacopoeia available for safe and effective treatment of ADHD. CNS stimulants like methylphenidate, amphetamine are recommended as first-line medication therapy for children. It includes various class of drugs like centrally acting sympathomimetic, anti-psychotic, anti-depressant (SSRI), alph2 agonist and some newer agent like atomoxetine in the treatment of ADHD. ADHD remains the only highly prevalent, nondegenerative neuropsychiatric disorder for which effective medications remediate the principal cognitive disturbances in concert with clinical efficacy. Therefore, deeper insight into the neural mechanisms of cognitive remediation may serve to advance treatment development not only in ADHD, but across a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders in which cognitive dysfunction is a cardinal feature and a strong predictor of clinical outcome. All effective medications for ADHD act on one or both of the major catecholamine neurotransmitter systems in the brain. These 2 systems, which arise from subcortical nuclei and use of norepinephrine (NE) or dopamine (DA) as transmitters exert strong modulatory effects on widely distributed cortical–subcortical neural circuits, with important effects on cognition, mood and behavior in both health and illness

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ABOUT AUHTOR
SUSMITA DAS*
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 
Jadavpur University,
West Bengal, India
*sdas53662@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Objectives: The aim of the present study was to develop transdermal matrix patches with a fixed ratios of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and ethylcellulose (EC), containing the drug diclofenac sodium and to perform the physicochemical, in vitro relese pattern evaluation of the prepared patches. The prospective objective was the demonstration that the system provides the delivery of drug at a controlled rate across intact skin to achieve a therapeutically effective drug level for a longer period of time from transdermal patches.
Methods: In this study, matrix-type transdermal patches containing diclofenac sodium were prepared using different ratio of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and ethylcellulose (EC) by solvent evaporation technique. The drug matrix film of PVP and EC was casted on a polyvinylalcohol backing membrane. All the prepared formulations were subjected to physical studies (moisture content, moisture uptake, and flatness), and in-vitro release kinetics and permeation studies were performed across cadaver skin using a modified diffusion cell.
Results and conclusion: Variations in drug release profiles among the formulations studied were observed. From the formulated patches FA 1, containing PVP/EC in ratio of 1:3 shows sustained release action with 38% release after 24 h and 10 µg of drug permeation accross 1 cm² of patch area. Hence, it can be reasonably concluded that diclofenac sodium can be formulated into the transdermal matrix type patches to sustain its release characteristics for manufacturing transdermal patches of diclofenac sodium

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ABOUT AUHTORS
Neerugatti Dorababu, Battu Ganga Rao, Devarakonda Ramadevi* 
A.U. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University,
Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh (A.P), India
*ramapathi.addepalli@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
The study was aimed at investigate the effect of methanolic extract of Tamilnadia ulignosa (Retz.) (Rubiaceae) on general mating behaviour, libido, and adverse effects on sexually normal male albino rats.  Methanolic extract was administered orally at the dose of 100, 200, and 400 mg / kg, to different groups of male rats (n = 8) once a day for 14 days . All the doses resulted in significant increase in mount frequency, intromission frequency and anogenital sniffing when compared to normal. The methanolic extract of Tamilnadia ulignosa (Retz.) bark at higher concentration (400 mg/kg body weight) showed significant aphrodisiac activity on male Wister albino rats as evidenced by an increase in number of mounts and mating performance. Thus, in experimental rats, the results of the present study suggest that the methanolic extracts of Tamilnadia ulignosa (Retz.) exert significant aphrodisiac activity

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ABOUT AUHTOR
Babar Vishal Bharat.*
Dattakala College of Pharmacy (D. Pharmacy),
Pune,Maharashtra, India
*vishalbabar@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
In the present study, the hydroalcoholic extracts of Nycatanthes arbortristis Linn. (Parijatha) and Hygrophila spinosa T. Anders (Kokila) and combination of these extracts were compared for their diuretic activity using Lipschitz test. Standard drug used was furosemide (100mg/kg body weight) in 0.9% sodium chloride solution. All the extracts significantly increased urine elimination and Na+, K+, and Cl- excretion as compared to normal saline treated groups. The combination of hydroalcoholic extracts of Nycatanthes arbortristis and Hygrophila spinosa in 1:1 ratio showed better diuretic activity. Comparatively the hydroalcoholic extracts of Nycatanthes arbortristis showed more significant activity than Hygrophila spinosa extracts. The result revealed that Nycatanthes arbortristis is having better diuretic activity than Hygrophila spinosa which supports the traditional use of the plant.

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ABOUT AUHTOR
*A. Bharath kumar, T. Mubeena, Y. Charitha
Annamacharya college of Pharmacy
Rajampet, Andhra pradesh, India
*abharatpharma@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Diabetic neuropathy is a debilitating disorder that occurs in of Patients with diabetes. The primary types of diabetic neuropathy are sensorimotor and autonomic. Patients may present with one type of diabetic neuropathy or may develop combinations of neuropathies when its severity was more. Diabetes is metabolic disorder which causes the abnormal elevations of blood glucose levels in the body. The diabetic neuropathy was neurological affecting disorder. Diabetic neuropathies are a family of nerve disorders caused by diabetes. People with diabetes can, over time, develop nerve damage throughout the body. The symptoms such as pain, tingling, or numbness and loss of feeling in the hands, arms, feet, and legs. About 60 to 70 percent of people with diabetes have some form of neuropathy.The diabetes people develop nerve problems at any time, but risk rises with age and longer duration of diabetes. Regular monitoring blood sugar levels normal levels and foot care practices we can Prevent the diabetic neuropathy complications in the community.

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ABOUT AUHTOR
*R SHARMA, S SARMA
Assam Down Town University, Guwahati, Assam, India
*Rupsmita2010@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Objectives: The aim of the present study was to estimate flavonoid and phenolic content, and to evaluate invitro antioxidant activity of an aqueous extract of Alpinia nigra and Allium tuberosum.
Methods: The air dried stem of A. nigra and leaves of A. tuberosum was ground to powder and extracted with water and 95% of ethanol. The extract was screened for phytochemicals, total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) with its potential antioxidant activities using hydrogen peroxide-scavenging assay.
Results: Phytochemical test shows that extract contains variety of phytochemicals among which there is a high level of total phenol and flavonoids. The total phenolic content (TPC) of A. nigra and A. tuberosum was 0.450±0.0740 and 1.663±0.296; respectively. The total flavonoid content (TFC) of A. nigra and A. tuberosum was 0.322±0.077 and 0.978±0.119, respectively. The plants possessed potent antioxidant activity when compared with the reference compound ascorbic acid (vitamin C).
Conclusions: A. nigra and A. tuberosum may be useful for the preparation of neutraceuticals as potent antioxidant to treat various human diseases and their complications.

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ABOUT AUHTOR
Deepak Chowrasia* Dr. Nisha Sharma
University Institute of Pharmacy, CSJM University,
Kanpur, U.P.-208024, India
*chowrasia.deepak@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
The article describes here some of the aspects of scattering of light and its applicability in Nephelo-turbidimetric analysis.