Pharmacology Articles

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
¹Neeraj Kumar Lohani*, ²Prakash Singh Nainwal
¹Institute of Biomedical Education & Research, Mangalayatan University, Aligarh- Uttar Pradesh, India,
²Govt. medical College Haldwani, Nainital Uttrakhand, India
*neerajlohani06@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Oral granular cell tumour is a rare soft tissue tumour ofcan develop on any skin or mucosal surface. Granular cell tumors can affect all parts of the body; however, the head and neck areas are affected 45% to 65% of the time. Of the head and neck cases 70% of lesions are located intraorally (tongue, oral mucosa, hard palate). The next most common location that lesions are found in the head and neck area is the larynx(10%).^[1] In patients 30% of cases have been reported to occur in the lip, but this presentation in adults is extremely rare. The present study is concerned a case of oral granular cell tumour in a 60 year-old female, located in the upper lip. Histopathological examination revealed granular cells which stained positively for S-100 protein; a finding supportive of a neural origin. A history of trauma was elicited in this case, and the lesion was treated with surgical excision.

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
Suresh Rewar¹*, Dashrath Mirdha², Prahlad Rewar^3
1Department of pharmaceutics, Rajasthan University of Health Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan,
²Dr. Sarvepali Radhakrishnan Rajasthan Ayurved University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
³Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
sureshrewar1990@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
A severe viral illness caused by a newly discovered coronavirus was first reported in the Middle East in 2012. The virus has since been named the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). MERS-CoV cases have been reported in several countries around the world in travelers from the Middle East., A substantial number of Indians live and work in Gulf countries. People from India also travel to Saudi Arabia as Pilgrims to Hajj. The illness has a high mortality rate. Limited human-to-human transmission has occurred including transmission to health care workers. The source of the virus remains unclear, but camels are a possible source. Since April 2012 and as of 20 February 2015, 1042 cases (including 419 deaths) of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have been reported by local health authorities worldwide. Laboratory confirmation of MERS-CoV infections to date has largely been by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) of lower respiratory tract specimens. Neither a vaccine nor effective therapy against the virus is available. Treatment consists of limited to supportive care, including mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure and/or hemodialysis in the setting of renal failure. Therapeutic modalities based on monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have shown clinical success in the treatment of many diseases.

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ABOUT AUTHROS:
Bikash Debnath*, Md. JashimUddin, Debasish Maiti
State Biotech Hub, Department of Human Physiology,
Tripura University, Suryamaninagar.
*bikashrips2014@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Central nervous system (CNS) drug development will be biology driven. Due to absence of functional platform for CNS drug targeting since, the large molecules pharmaceuticals cannot be delivered to brain. About 1.5 billion people worldwide are suffering from various type of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Overcome to this problem modern pharmaceutical technology manufacturing the nonaparticles. Properly use of nonamedicines (nanoparticles) is one of the ways to control the CNS disorder in all over world. Nanoparticles are particles between 1 to 100 nm in size. Using nanotechnology it is possible to deliver the drug to the specific site of the tissue across the Blood -Brain Barrier (BBB).Various types of nanoparticle are available for treatment of CNS disorders. These are lipid based nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, polymer-based nanoparticles etc.

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Prakash T. Sangale*¹, Dhananjay B. Deshmukh², Rajesh Bhambere^3
1Department of Quality Assurance Techniques,
²Department of Pharmacology,
VJSM’S Vishal Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research,
Ale, Junnar, Pune
*prakashsangale091@gmail.com
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ABSTRACT
Epilepsy is a chronic disorder characterized by the occurrence of epileptic seizures, with or without characteristic body movements (convulsion)affecting about 50 million people worldwide. Synthetic drugs for the treatment of epilepsy are associated with severe side effects and addiction liabilities upon long term uses. Thus, researchers around the globe are searching for natural resources.Erythrinavariegata and Butea monosperma is a traditional medicinal plant used to treat a seizure.The present studies reveal that the anticonvulsant activity by Erythrina variegate & Butea monosperma of bark & leaf PTZ and MES induced convulsions in wistar rats using Erythrina variegata & Butea monosperma of bark & leaf ethanolic extracts extracted successively. However, the anticonvulsant activity of this plant has not been studied in depth.

In Pentylene tetrazole (PTZ) an maximal electro shock seizure(MES) models test parameters like latncy, onset of tonic convulsions, clonic convulsions and percent protection were observed in the different test groups. Inconclusion, we showed that the ethanolic extract of Erythrina variegata and Butea monosperma has anticonvulsant effect in the both models, suggesting their possible depressant action in the central nervous system. EEBM and EEEV gave significant protection (P<0.001) against PTZ & MES induce convulsion.

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
Manju Gowda M R*, Gnanasekaran D, Ashik navas T, Antony george
Department of Pharmacology, Bharathi College of Pharmacy,
Bharathinagara, Mandya, Karnataka-571422
manjugowdamr@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
The present study was under taken to study the Adaptogenic activity of ethanol, aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts of Breynia vitis-idaea (burm.f) c. fisher. (Euphorbiaceae) leaves. Adaptogenic activity of these extracts were studied using in-vivo Swim Endurance test and compared with the standard Fluoxetin. All the extracts showed significant increase in the swimming time. Adaptogenic nature of the extracts may be attributed to the presence of constituents such as alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids and saponins in plant extracts. This study proven that the potential adaptogenic nature of the extract of Breynia vitis-idaea leaves.

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
Jadhav Santosh¹*, Mali Audumbar¹, Tamboli Ashpak²
Department of Pharmaceutics, Sahyadri College of Pharmacy, Methwade, Sangola-413307, Solapur, Maharashtra, India¹.
Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry, Sahyadri College of Pharmacy, Methwade, Sangola-413307, Solapur, Maharashtra, India².
jadhavsan88@gmail.com*

ABSTRACT
Since the current Ebola Virus Disease (also referred to as Ebola Haemorrhagic Fever) outbreak began in Guinea in December of 2013, the outbreak now involves trans-mission in Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone. Ebola haemorrhagic fever (EHF) is a zoonosis affecting both human and non-human primates (NHP). Ebola virus (formerly officially designated Zaire Ebolavirus, or EBOV) was first seen infecting humans in African continent; especially  Sudan, Democratic Republican of Congo, Zaire and nearby countries. Fruit bats of the Pteropodidae family are considered to be the natural host of the Ebola virus. The virus is transmitted to people from wild animals and spreads in the human population through human-to-human transmission. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that this is the largest Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak ever recorded. EVD outbreaks have a case fatality rate ofup to 90%. The research is on-going on development of making vaccine to curb this virus yet licensed success or specific treatment is not achieved.