Pharmacology Articles

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  • 5 March 2013

    DISCUSSION ON THE ROLE OF Rb PROTEIN AND P53 IN CELL CYCLE REGULATION

    About Authors:
    Lohithasu Duppala* , Manikumar Kothakota
    GITAM Institute of Pharmacy,
    GITAM University, visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India-530045.
    * lohithasu@gmail.com, +919491894432

    INTRODUCTION:
    Cell Theory:
    · All organisms consist of one  or more cells.
    · Cell is the smallest unit of life.
    · All cells come from pre-existing cells.

    Cell cycle:
    The dividing and non –dividing stages in the life of a cell are described by a series of events called the cell-cycle. The cell cycle  is the sequence of events by which a cell duplicates its genome and divides into daughter cells.Some cells, like skin cells ,divide continuously throught the life of the organism.Cardiac muscle cells are arrested in G2 phase.

  • 3 March 2013
    A REVIEW ON CHAGAS DISEASE

    About Author:
    B. Krishna
    Vasavi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
    Kadapa, JNTUA
    krishna5432.b@gmail.com

  • 3 March 2013
    PHARMACOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT MARINE SPECIES

    About Authors:
    1Uma Nath, 2Nitha p. mohan, 3Revathy sivan
    1Assistant professor, department of pharmaceutical chemistry,
    2Assistant professor, department of pharmacognosy,
    3Department of pharmacology,
    1,2,3daleview college of pharmacy and research centre punalal trivandrum kerala.

  • 1 March 2013
    PHARMACOVIGILANCE: THE PRESENT STATUS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS IN INDIA

    About Authors:
    Roohi Kesharwani1*, Devendra Singh2, Vishal Jacob1
    1-Institute Of Foreign Trade And Management Lodhipur Rajput,
    Delhi Road, Moradabad, India
    2-Raj Kumar Goel Institute Of Technology, Delhi-Meerut Road, Ghaziabad, India
    *roohi4mail@gmail.com, devendrasingh.pisces@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT:
    Pharmacovigilance is now accepted to be a continuous process of evaluation accompanied by steps to improve safe use of medicines which involves pharmaceutical companies, regulatory authorities, health professionals and patients. The methodologies have broadened to encompass many different types of study, with spontaneous reporting remaining the cornerstone. The concern for ADRs in highly vulnerable populations is of even greater concern.Pharmacovigilance is especially important since most of the adverse effects are reversible by modifying the dosage or omitting the offending medicine. All medicines (pharmaceuticals and vaccines) haveside effects.In a vast country like India with a population of over 1.2 Billion with vast ethnic variability, different disease prevalence patterns, practice of different systems of medicines, different socioeconomic status, it is important to have a standardized and robust pharmacovigilance and drug safety monitoring programme for the nation.  Collecting this information in a systematic manner and analyzing the data to reach a meaningful conclusion on the continued use of these medicines is the rationale to institute this program for India. In this review article various hospitals survey are done and the  survey questionnaire was analyzed question wise and their percentage value was calculated. Our study strongly suggests that there is greater need to create awareness and to promote the reporting of ADR among healthcare professionals of the country. Only such approach can greatly influence in bringing reporting culture among healthcare professionals and may improve the reporting rates of ADR in our country. Pharmacists, as doctors opined that their involvement may increase the reporting rate, have a greater role to play in the area of pharmacovigilance.

  • 27 February 2013
    NOOTROPICS- THE MEMORY INHANCEMENT DRUGS- A REVIEW

    About Author:
    Rahul Singh
    M.PHARMA (Pharmaceutics)
    Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute Of Pharmacy
    Kumhari, Distt-Durg , Chhatisgarh, India
    rahulbaba92@yahoo.in

  • 20 February 2013
    A REVIEW ON DESCRIPTION AND COMPLETE TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS (ALL TYPES)

    About Author:
    Rahul Singh
    M.PHARMA (Pharmaceutics)
    Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute Of Pharmacy
    Kumhari, Distt-Durg, Chhatishgarh, India
    rahulbaba92@yahoo.in

  • 19 February 2013
    APPROACH OF PRODRUG ON DRUG DESIGN

    About Authors:
    Mayure Vijay kumar*, V. Sravanthi Yadav, C.P.Meher
    Department of Pharmacology,
    Maheshwara College of Pharmacy, Chitkul (v), Isnapur “X” Road,
    Patancheru, Hyderabad-502307
    *mayurevijaykumar@gmail.com

  • 11 February 2013
    THE ROLE OF COX-2 INHIBITORS IN HUMAN CANCER PREVENTION AND OTHER NOVEL TARGETS - A RECENT REVIEW

    About Authors:
    Lohithasu Duppala*1, Madhu priya Damuluri1, Anil kumar vadda2
    1    GITAM Institute of Pharmacy, GITAM University, Pharmaceutics, visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India-530045.
    2    AVANTHI Institute of pharmaceutical sciences, pharmacology, visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India-530045.
    *    lohithasu@gmail.com, anilkumar.vadda@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT:
    COX-2 (Cyclooxygenase-2) is a selective inhibitor of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Cyclooxygenase -2, an enzyme responsible for inflammation and pain. Celecoxib, Rofecoxib, valdecoxib, Parecoxib are class of COX-2 inhibiting drugs. COX-2  inhibitors have been revealed to reduce the occurrence of cancers and pre-cancerous growths. Celecoxib, cox-2 inhibitor isused to prevention of polyp formation in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP). COX-2 inhibitors like celecoxib, Rofecoxib, valdecoxib, Parecoxibare currently being studied in  cancer treatment and other targets. This review highlights the COX-2 inhibitors with special emphasis on their role in various kinds of cancer prevention and other targeted therapy. COX-2 inhibitors in cancer chemotherapy and neurological diseases like Parkinson and Alzheimer’s diseases still continues to attract researches on the development of COX-2 inhibitors.

  • 28 January 2013
    PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF EMBELIA RIBES: (VIDANGA) FRUIT IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS

    About Authors:
    Saritha.A.Surendran*, Asa Samuel
    *St. James College of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
    Chalakudy, Kerala
    *sarithaasurendran@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT
    Analgesics are the drug that selectively relieves pain by acting in the CNS or peripheral pain mechanism without significantly altering consciousness. They are classified into centrally acting analgesics and peripherally acting analgesics. Embelia ribes seeds was collected and extracted by continous hot percolation process using ethanol. Phytochemical analysis of the extract was preformed, screened and compared the analgesic activity of the extract with Pentazocine. Animal treated with ethanolic extract of Embelia ribes was showed an increased reaction time compared to control group. Ethanolic extract was showed significant reduction in algesia when compared with pentazocin.

  • 28 January 2013
    TREATMENT OF MALARIA IN PAEDITRICS: A REVIEW

    About Author:
    Kambham Venkateswarlu
    Final Year Graduate Student
    Sri Lakshmi Narasimha College of Pharmacy,
    Palluru, Chottoor-517132, Andhra Pradesh, India.
    k.v.reddy9441701016@gmail.com

    ABSTRACT:
    Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a parasite (plasmodium) which is transmitted from human by the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. Four species of the parasite plasmodium are responsible for Malaria in humans: Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium falciparum.
    This disease cause a nearly 300 to 400 million clinical episodes of malaria occur worldwide, out of which 1.5 to 2 million die every year. So this is also a most dangerous disease in children. This review reveals the treatment of malaria in paediatrics.

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