Articles

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ABOUT AUHTORS
Gauri Nilewar*, P.B. Mute, P.P. Talhan, Shruti Thakre,
Dr. R.G. Bhoyar college of Pharmacy,
Wardha Maharashtra, India
*samvedna.nahatkar90@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Nano capsules are vesicular systems in which the drug is confined to a cavity consisting of an inner liquid core surrounded by a polymeric membrane. Nano capsules having various advantages and disadvantages. Preparation of Nano capsules can be used as a two types of polymers 1) Natural polymers 2) Synthetic polymers. Nano capsules are prepared by different method those are a) Solvent evaporation b) Nano precipitation c) emulsification / Solvent diffusion d) Salting out e) Dialysis f) Super critical fluid technology. Different characterization and evaluation tests are performed to Nano capsules. Dispersed polymer nanocapsules can be used as nano-sized drug carriers to get controlled release as well as efficient drug targeting. Drug-loaded polymeric nanocapsules have showed possible applications in the field of drug delivery systems. Enormous research efforts have been performed in order to develop modern nano-particulate drug delivery systems. However, newly developed drug molecules with moderate biopharmaceutical profile are still missing. The entrapment of this drug molecule can protect them from the biological environment and facilitate their transport through biological barriers. Therefore nano-carriers especially nanocapsules (NC) can give the promise for therapeutic benefits in the field of drug delivery system. Nanocapsules, existing in miniscule size, range from 10 nm to 1000 nm. They consist of a liquid/solid core in which the drug is placed into a cavity, which is surrounded by a distinctive polymer membrane made up of natural or synthetic polymers. They have attracted great interest, because of the protective coating, which are usually pyrophoric and easily oxidized and delay the release of active ingredients.

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Nesar Ahmad*,Zafar Khan, Noorul Hasan, Abdul Basit, Seikh Zohrameena
Department of Pharmacology,
Faculty of Pharmacy,
Integral University, Lucknow, UP, India
*nesar50@gmail.com

ABSTRACT 
Stroke is a destructive experience which can result in permanent disability in brain. There is no permanent drug which can improve the blood flow at infracted area and also improve the neurological deficit. Due to the lack of treatments available for stroke, many researchers will investigate the suitable plants or drugs for the treatment of this disease. Numerous medicinal plants and herbal drugs are available to treat stroke, some of the plants are Ginkgo biloba, Fructus Chebulae, Pomegranate, Rosa laevigata, Garlic, Leonurus heterophyllus, Olive, Grape, Allium cepa, drugs such as Pravastatin, Senkyunolide I, Phloretin, Mgso4, HAMI 3379, Oleoylethanolamie, scopolamine and mecamylamine, Nitric Oxide, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), 3,5,6,7,8,3’,4’-Heptamethoxy flavones, Rosiglitazone, Puerarin, the activity was estimated by parameters like superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, Hemispheric swelling index (cerebral edema), H2O2 induced cell injury, OGD-R induced cell injury, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidises, mitochondrial membrane potential, Western blotting assay, ROS scavenging assays, Superoxide anion  scavenging assay, Hydroxyl radical  scavenging assay, H2O2 scavenging assay, Singlet oxygen scavenging assay, Peroxyl radical scavenging assay, Peroxynitrite anion scavenging assay, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, blood–brain barrier integrity, cerebral infarct size, in Situ Apoptosis Detection, Western blotting, SOD, GSH, glutathione peroxidase, and MDA levels, Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Lactate dehydrogenase activity assay, Determination of caspase activity, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, Determination of choline acetyltransferase activity (ChAT), Cell viability, Oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion assay, Flow cytometry, Immunohistochemistry.  The present review focused on different medicinal plants and drugs that have been tested in Stroke in animal models.

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ABOUT AUHTORS
Suleman S. khoja * 1, Sohil S khoja 1,Parthkumar H chauhan 2,Farhad S Khoja 3 ,Shamim S Khoja3.
1) Resource person in Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Audit and Compliance, Vapi -396191.
2) Resource person in Quality Assurance, Navsari
3) Registered Pharmacist ,Gujarat State Pharmacy council, Vapi -396191
*premukhoja@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Data integrity is fundamental in a pharmaceutical quality system which ensures the completeness, consistency, and accuracy of data. Complete, consistent, and accurate data should be attributable, legible, contemporaneously recorded, original or a true copy, and accurate (ALCOA), Arrangements shall be in place within an organisation with respect to people, systems and facilities that shall be  designed, operated and where appropriate adapted to support a working environment and  organisational culture that ensures data is complete consistent and accurate in all its forms, i.e. paper  and electronic record .When taken collectively these arrangements fulfil the concept of data governance. Regulatory bodies expect that data shall be reliable and accurate. CGMP regulations and guidance allow for flexible and risk-based strategies to detect and prevent data integrity issues. Industry should implement meaningful and effective strategies to manage their data integrity risks based upon their process understanding and knowledge management of technologies and best business models. In recent year Regulatory observation has increasingly observed GMP violations involving data integrity risks during CGMP inspections. This is troublesome because ensuring data integrity is an important component of industry’s responsibility to ensure the safety, efficacy, and quality of drugs, Regulatory is concern with ability to protect the public health.

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M. Manasa Rekha*, T. Mubeena
Department of Pharmacy Practice,
Annamacharya college of Pharmacy,
Rajampet, Andhra Pradesh, India.
* manasarekharoyal@gmail.com

ABSTRACT: 
Clinical pharmacy is defined as that area of pharmacy concerned with the science and practice of rational medication use. The pharmacist, along with the prescriber has a duty to ensure that patients are aware of the risk of side effects and a suitable course of action should they occur. With their detailed knowledge of medicine, pharmacists have the ability to relate unexpected symptoms experienced by patients to possible drug interactions of their drug therapy. The practice in clinical pharmacy also ensures that drug interactions are minimized by avoiding drugs with potential side effects in susceptible patients. Thus, pharmacist has a major role to play in relation to prevention, detection, and reporting drug interactions.

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Sunil Shastri*, Harsh Narang.
Seth G.L. Bihani S.D. College of Technical Education,
Sriganganagar, Rajasthan.
sunil11044@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
The Combinatorial Chemistry is a scientific method in which a very large number of chemical entities are synthesized by condensing a small number of chemical compounds together in all combinations defined by a small set of chemical reactions.
Combinatorial technologies provided a possibility to produce new compounds in practically unlimited number. New strategies and technologies have also been developed that made possible to screen very large number of compounds and to identify useful components of mixtures containing millions of different substances. Instead of preparing and examining a single compound, families of new substances are synthesized and screened. In addition, combinatorial thinking and practice proved to be useful in areas outside the pharmaceutical research Such as search for more effective catalysts and materials research. Combinatorial chemistry became an accepted new branch within chemistry.
The aim of this project is to provide a basic introduction to the field of combinatorial chemistry describing the development of major techniques and some applications. 

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Hnawate R.M*., Deore P.
Dr. Vedprakash Patil Pharmacy College,
Aurangabad,
Maharashtra, India
ravi_hanwate@yahoo.co.in

ABSTRACT
For the past few years, there has been a considerable research on the basis of Novel drug delivery system, using particulate vesicle systems as such drug carriers for small and large molecules. Nanoparticles, Liposomes, Microspheres, Niosomes, Pronisomes, Ethosomes, Proliposomes have been used as drug carrier in vesicle drug delivery system. Nanotechnology refers to the creation and utilization of materials whose constituents exist at the nanoscale; and, by convention, be up to 100 nm in size.. Nanoparticles are being used for diverse purposes, from medical treatments, using in various branches of industry production such as solar and oxide fuel batteries for energy storage, to wide incorporation into diverse materials of everyday use such as cosmetics or clothes, optical devices, catalytic, bactericidal, electronic, sensor technology, biological labelling and treatment of some cancers. Various polymers have been used in the formation of Nanoparticles. Nanoparticles have been improving the therapeutic effect of drugs and minimize the side effects. Basically, Nanoparticles have been prepared by using various techniques as such dispersion of preformed polymers, polymerization of monomers and ionic gelation or co-acervation of hydrophilic polymer. Nanoparticles have been evaluated by using parameters of drug entrapment efficiency, particle shape, drug release study

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ABOUT AUHTORS
Seema Farheen¹*, Shaik Zubair¹ , Alwala Arpini¹, Govindapuram Kalpana  Goud²,  Saidulu Soppari³, Mangulal Kethavath^4
1Department  of pharmaceutics,
Vijaya College Of Pharmacy, Ranga Reddy, Telangana, India.
²Department  of pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance,
SLC’S College Of Pharmacy, Nalgonda, Telangana, India.
³Department  of pharmacology,
SLC’S College Of Pharmacy, Nalgonda, Telangana, India.
⁴Department  of pharmaceutics,
SLC’S College Of Pharmacy, Nalgonda, Telangana, India
*seemafarheen75@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Atomoxetine hydrochloride (atomoxetine) increased the risk of suicidal ideation in short-term studies in children or adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Tablets of Atomoxetine Hydrochloride were formulated as sustained release tablet employing tamarind seed polysaccharide, guar gum, PVP, Mg. stearate, MCC  the sustained release tablets was investigated. Sustained release matrix tablets contain Atomoxetine Hydrochloride were developed using different drug polymer concentration of tamarind seed polysaccharide, guar gum,. Tablets were prepared by directly using MCC. Formulation was optimized on the basis of acceptable tablet properties and in-vitro drug release. The resulting formulation produced robust tablets with optimum hardness, thickness consistent weight uniformity and low friability. All tablets but one exhibited gradual and near completion sustained release for Atomoxetine Hydrochloride, and 98.6% and 97.5 released at the end of 12 hrs. The results of dissolution studies indicated that formulation F8, the most successful of the study. An increase in release kinetics of the drug was observed on decreasing polymer concentration

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ABOUT AUHTORS
Suleman S khoja*¹,Sohil S khoja¹, Farhad S Khoja²,Shamim S Khoja², Narmin A Pirani^2
1 Resource person in Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance and Facility Audit,
Vapi, Gujarat, India.
² Registered Pharmacist, Gujarat State Pharmacy Council, Gujarat, India
*premukhoja@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
A quality agreement is a comprehensive written agreement between parties involved in the contract manufacturing of drugs that defines and establishes each party’s manufacturing activities in terms of how each will comply with CGMP. Quality agreements may be reviewed during inspections. A quality agreement describes the owner’s and the contract facility’s roles and manufacturing activities under CGMP. The quality agreement should explain how the contractor will report manufacturing deviations to the owner, as well as how deviations will be investigated, documented, and resolved in compliance with CGMP. Quality agreements should state that manufacturing services provided by contract facilities (including laboratories) will comply with CGMP. The most critical pieces are quality and change control, as described in the following sections. Manufacturing Activities Change Control Associated With Manufacturing Activities

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Deepak Chowrasia*, Nisha Sharma
University Institute of Pharmacy, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur (U.P.)-208024, India
*debpratim008@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Cancer remains a global concern not only for clinicians, but also for chemist owing to its alarming incidence rate. Conventional cancer chemotherapeutics are inadequate requiring newer molecule for its cure and management. Heterocyclic chemistry emerges as a distinct branch of organic chemistry responsible for yielding uncountable pharmacologically active substances among nitrogen containing ring systems are thoroughly investigated owing to their unique characteristic. The present study to explore feasibility of nitrogen containing synthetic molecules as novel anticancer agents.