December 2011

About Authors:
Sandhu Premjeet¹, 2,Rathore Devashish², Kataria Sahil¹ , Middha Akanksh^1
1Seth G. L. Bihani S.D. College of Technical Education,
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research,
Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, INDIA
² School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, RGPV University campus,
Bhopal, M.P, INDIA

ABSTRACT
The blood – brain barrier (BBB) has always presented a challenge to scientists for brain drug targeting . the BBB evolved in such a way that it protects the brain from various foreign substance such as neurotoxins. This mechanism makes the BBB an insurmountable . This mechanism makes BBB an insurmountable barrier for numerous highly essential drugs , including antibiotics, cytostatics and other CNS active drug Drugs may be administered directly into the CNS or administered systematically (e.g. by intravenous injection) for targeted action in the CNS. The major challenge to CNS drug delivery is the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which limits the access of drugs to the brain substance. Various strategies that have been used for manipulating the blood-brain barrier for drug delivery to the brain include osmotic and chemical opening of the blood-brain barrier as well as the use of transport/carrier systems. Other strategies for drug delivery to the brain involve bypassing the BBB. Various pharmacological agents have been used to open the BBB and direct invasive methods can introduce therapeutic agents into the brain substance. It is important to consider not only the net delivery of the agent to the CNS, but also the ability of the agent to access the relevant target site within the CNS. Various routes of administration as well as conjugations of drugs, e.g. with liposomes and nanoparticles are considered. Some routes of direct administration to the brain are non-invasive such as transnasal route whereas others involve entry into the CNS by devices and needles such as in case of intrathecal and intracerebroventricular delivery.

About Authors:
Anil kumar
Jubilant chemsys Limited, Noida-201301
Babu Banarsi Das National Institute of Technology and Management
Akhilash Das Nagar, Lucknow

Abstract
Presence of moisture influences chemical stability, crystal structure, powder flow, compaction lubricity, dissolution rate, and polymer film permeability in solid dosage forms and lead to growth of microorganisms, change in thixotropy in semi-solid dosage forms. Moreover, unit operations obviously depending on the amount and state of water present are also influenced by it. Therefore, moisture influences the properties of individual active ingredients and excipients, and it is essential to characterize the effect of moisture on these individual components. This article lay emphasis on determination of moisture by various methods and illustrates the changes induced by moisture on several product and process attributes

ANSWERS of Previous PharmaQUIZ-25:

1.A    2.C    3.C    4.B    5.B

6.C    7.C    8.D    9.C    10.A

The All India Institute of Ayuveda, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi, is a newly established Institute for undertaking multi-disciplinary research and teaching in related subjects for standardization, quality control and scientific validation of Ayurveda drugs and therapies.
The Institute is headed by a Director, the post of which carries the pay scale of Rs.37400-67000- NPA (PB- 4 Grade Pay Rs. 12000) plus allowances like H.R.A., T.A. etc as admissible.