Review Articles

29 September 2014

A REVIEW ON TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM BY ETHOSOMES

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
V. Sujatha*, T. Vishnuvaravidyadhar, M.Parvathi, Suryaprakash Reddy
*Department of Pharmaceutics,
Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research,
RIPERK R Palli Cross, Near S.K University, Anantapuramu District, Andhra Pradesh, India
valmiki.sujatha@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Transdermal drug delivery system is one type of more convenient drug delivery system. Skin acts a barrier for transdermal through drug delivery system. Drug across through stratum corneum by low diffusion process. Drug formulation with elastic vesicle or skin enhances vesicles. Etho sources are the ethanolic phospholipids vesicles and which are having higher rate of penetration through the skin. The purpose of writing this Review on ethosome drug focus on the Ethosomes including their mechanism of penetration. Transdermal drug delivery system was came into existence by more than 30 years ago. Ethosomes are the ethanolic phospholipid vesicles. These are used mainly for transdermal delivery of drugs. Ethosomes have higher penetration rate through the skin as compared to liposomes hence these can be used widely in place of liposomes. Ethosomes enhanced skin permeation, improved drug delivery, increased drug entrapment efficiency etc.
26 September 2014

A REVIEW ON ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF LEVOSULPIRIDE IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS AND BIOLOGICAL SAMPLE

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
Monika A. Rana*, Hasumati A. Raj
Department of Quality Assurance
Shree Dhanvantary College of Pharmacy,
Kim, Gujarat, India
monika92rana@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Levosulpiride is an atypical antipsychotic agent. Levosulpiride is the levo enantiomer of sulpiride. It is a substitute benzamide which is meant to be used for several indications: depression, psychosis, somatoform disorders, emesis anddyspepsia. It blocks the presynaptic dopaminergic D2 receptor. Chemically it is N-[[(2S)-1-Ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl] methyl]-2-methoxy-5 sulfamoylbenzamide. several method such as HPLC in human plasma, area under curve, stability by RP-HPLC is done. The parent drug is given in a dose of 400-1800 mg orally. According to literature survey study of impurity profiling of LIVOSULPIRIDE in presence of intermediate has not been reported.
22 September 2014

A REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF PRAVASTATIN IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS AND BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS

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ABOUT AUTHORS
Grishma Trivedi*, Hasumati Raj
Shree Dhanvantary Pharmacy College,
Kim, Gujarat
*trivedigrishma18@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Pravastatin is an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor which is used as a hypolipidemic agent to reduce cholesterol level. Chemically, 9-Fluoro-11β,17-dihydroxy-16α-methyl-3,20-dioxopregna-1,4-dien-21-yl disodium phosphate. Pravastatin is a drug of choice for the cardiovascular disease. It reduces the coronary and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality in middle aged individual. Elevated plasma concentration of C-reactive protein are associated with protein increased cardiovascular disease, long term therapy with pravastatin an agent that reduces cardiovascular risk, might alter levels of this inflammatory parameter. This review consist of various analytical methods for the determination of pravastatin in various marketed pharmaceutical formulation of biological fluid. Analytical methods consist of various chromatographic methods, spectrophotometer methods and electrical methods reported for determination of pravastatin.
19 September 2014

A REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR DETERMINATION BROMHEXINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
Meera V. Lad¹*, Vineet Jain², Hasumati Raj¹
¹Department of Quality Assurance,
²Department of Pharmacognosy,
Shree Dhanvantary Pharmacy College, Kim, Gujarat
meeralad235@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Bromhexine HCl (BRH)is a mucolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with viscid or excessive mucus, chemically named 2-amino-3,5-dibromo-N-cyclohexyl-N-methyl benzenemethanamine hydrochloride. According to IUPAC it is 2,4-dibromo-6-[[cyclohexyl(methyl)amino]methyl] aniline hydrochloride. Because of its physiological importance, the drug has been quantified by exploiting its chemical and physical properties. Bromhexine is a weak base and its precipitate out at pH value above 6. Bromhexine is a synthetic benzyl amine derivative ofvasicine. The different analytical methods used to quantify the drug as a single active pharmaceutical ingredient include flow injection analysis with ionselectiveelectrodes, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, electrokinetic chromatography, electrochemical oxidation at the glassy carbon electrode, liquid chromatography, liquid gas chromatography, GC with mass detection, and voltammetry. The drug has also been quantified in its combined formulations using HPLC, direct and derivative UV spectrophotometry.
18 September 2014

A REVIEW: ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF CILNIDIPINE IN BIOLOGICAL FLUID AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
Farhana V. Buchiya*, Vineet Jain, Hasumati Raj
Shree Dhanvantary Pharmacy College,
Kim, Surat, Gujarat
buchiyafarhana22@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Cilnidipine is act as a dual blocker by blocking L- type of calcium channel present in vascular smooth muscles and N- type of calcium channel present in sympathetic nerve terminal that supply blood vessels. Cilnidipine used in treatment of mostly in hypertension and various cardiovascular diseases except in Angina. Cilnidipine used alone or in combination. This review covers most recent analytical methods such as various spectroscopic methods, chromatographic methods and other methods for determination of cilnidipine in various pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological matrix were reported.

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5 September 2014

A REVIEW ON SINGLE USE DISPOSABLE TECHNOLOGY FOR RECOMBINANT PROTEIN MANUFACTURING

ABOUT AUTHOR
Madhusudan P Dabhole
Group Manager – BioProcess,
Richcore Life Sciences Ltd, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
madhav888@rediffmail.com

ABSTRACT
The manufacturing of recombinant products by fermentation and purification in stainless steel vessels has seen the transition from small scale to large scale and further to single use disposable technology. The requirement to develop and modulate the process has arisen from the cost and manufacturers need to move the facility on mobile platforms. The review describes the strategies and considerations for Single Use Disposable Technology. Recombinant proteins are widely used for treatment of various diseases and disorders. Single Use Disposable Technology makes it promising to produce and formulate these proteins from bench scale to commercial level in a shorter span of time so that it can reach the physician and patients.
28 August 2014

ANTACIDS: HEART BURN OTC DRUGS

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19 August 2014

A REVIEW: DETERMINATION OF ITOPRIDE HYDROCHLORIDE IN BIOLOGICAL FLUID AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
Asif I Bhim*, Vineet Jain, Hasumati Raj
Shree Dhanvantary Pharmacy College,
Kim, Gujarat, India
bhimiqbal23@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Itopride Hydrochloride is a novel, synthesized, gastro prokinetic drug, which stimulates gastrointestinal motor activity through the synergistic effects of dopamine D2-receptor blockade and acetylcholine esterase inhibitors. Chemically, it is N-[[4-[2-(Dimethyl amino) ethoxy] phenyl] methyl]-3, 4-dimethoxy benzamide hydrochloride. Benzamide structure, amide and ether linkages in the drug molecule make it susceptible to degradation. Thus a prokinetic drug like Itopride Hydrochloride by virtue of its efficacy and tolerability could be considered as a drug of first choice and a welcome addition to the drug armamentarium for the symptomatic treatment of NUD (non-ulcer Dyspepsia) and other gastric motility disorders including functional bowel disorders. This review consists of various analytical methods for determination of Itopride Hydrochloride in various marketed pharmaceutical preparation and in biological fluids. Analytical method consists of various spectroscopic methods, chromatographic methods and other methods.
11 August 2014

SNAKE BITE ITS FIRST AID & ANTI SNAKE VENOM (ASV): DETAILS GUIDELINES

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ABOUT AUTHOR:
Amitava Sinha Ray
B.Pharmacy, DPM
RANBAXY LABORATORIES LTD.
West Bengal, India
a.amitava.s@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Snakebite is an injury caused by a bite from a snake. It can be dangerous and life threatening if the snake will venomous. India is the top country having the highest no. of death due to snake bite. Some specific venomous snake is responsible for this death. Till now people are not serious about that. Most of the people don’t know just the first aid of snake bite. After a snake bite most village people are going to unqualified person and quacks for treatment not to hospital, this is one of the most serious causes of death. People should be aware about the sign and symptoms of snake bite and at least the first aid treatment of snakebite. In this type of emergency victim should be admit to nearest hospital and Anti Snake Venom (ASV) is very much necessary to save the patient life.
28 July 2014

A REVIEW ON SOME OF THE BANNED DRUGS WHICH ARE STILL AVAILABLE IN INDIA

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Ramjith.U.S*, Tejil Mathew
Nazareth College of Pharmacy, Othera,
Thiruvalla, Pathanamthitta, Kerala.
ramjithganesh143@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
There are a broad category of drugs used for several disorders (diabetes, cancer, arthritis etc). A number of drugs that are banned in abroad are freely available in the Indian market. The most pitiable feature is that use of these drugs is regularly causing long term implication for our physical health. Some of the common ones that are easily available and people use frequently without doctor’s prescription are cisapride, pioglitazone, sibutramine, phenylpropanolamine, tegaserod, gatifloxacin, rofecoxib, rosiglitazone, nimesulide and analgin. Analgin, nimesulide, rofecoxib are non steroidal anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs which on long term use can affect human health in various ways by damaging liver, causing irregular heartbeats, depression, blood pressure fluctuations etc. This is the prime reason that most of European countries have disqualified and banned the manufacturing and consumption of these drugs. It has been recently pointed out that Indian drug regulatory authorities have refused to ban sale of 10 drug, including gatifloxacin, rosiglitazone, rofecoxib, apart from over 80 drug combinations that are prohibited in other countries IPA have made various regulations and guidelines for the control of these drug, but still they are in use because of lack of awareness in people. So by this review we try to create awareness among people regarding the banned drugs and there reason for ban.

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