Uttarakhand

About Authors:
Roopesh Sachan*¹, Prof. Satyanand Tyagi², Tarun Parashar¹, Soniya¹, Patel Chirag J*³,Patel Pinkesh³, Rishikesh Gupta^4
1*Department of Pharmaceutics, Himalayan Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Rajawala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India-248007.
²President & Founder, Tyagi Pharmacy Association (TPA) & Scientific Writer (Pharmacy), Chattarpur, New Delhi, India-110074.
³Department of Pharmaceutics, Maharishi Arvind Institute of Pharmacy, Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India-302020.
⁴Institute of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India-284128.
*roopeshsachan@gmail.com, +91-9557469989, 9236167104

ABSTRACT:
Nanoparticle drug-delivery systems are the popular ones as are able to increase the selectivity and stability of therapeutic agents. However reticuloendothelial system (RES) uptake, drug leakage, immunogenicity, hemolytic toxicity, cytotoxicity, hydrophobicity restrict the use of these nanostructures. These shortcomings are overcome by surface engineering the dendrimer such as Polyester dendrimer, Citric acid dendrimer, Arginine dendrimer, Glycodendrimers, PEGylated dendrimers, etc.The field of Dendrimers has recently emerged as the most commercially viable technology of this century because of its wide-ranging potential applications in many fields such as: healthcare, electronics, photonics, biotechnology, engineering products, pharmaceuticals, drug delivery, catalysis, electronic devices, environmental issues and nanotechnologies. Dendrimer as a drug delivery agent is a promising, safe and selective drug delivery option.

About Authors:
Gaurav Singh^*1, Prof. Satyanand Tyagi², Patel Chirag J³, Patel Pinkesh³, Tarun Parashar¹, Soniya^1
1*Himalayan Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Rajawala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India-248007.
²President & Founder, Tyagi Pharmacy Association (TPA) & Scientific Writer (Pharmacy), Chattarpur, New Delhi, India-110074.
³Department of Pharmaceutics, Maharishi Arvind Institute of Pharmacy, Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India-302020.
*gaurav.hipr@gmail.com, +91-8057832184/9236167104

ABSTRACT:
Citrulline is a non-essential amino acid, meaning that the body can manufacture it from other nutrients. Within the body, citrulline is converted to the amino acid L-arginine i.e. citrulline acts as a precursor of amino acid arginine.  Some of the proposed uses of citrulline supplements are based on raising levels of arginine. Citrulline also plays a role in a physiological process called “the urea cycle,” in which toxic ammonia is converted to urea. Citrulline boosts our energy levels by lowering blood lactate concentration. It also enhances the process of elimination of ammonia. Although citrulline is not coded for by DNA directly, several proteins are known to contain citrulline as a result of a posttranslational modification.

About Authors:
Roopesh Sachan^1*, Prof. Satyanand Tyagi², Tarun Parashar¹, Soniya¹, Patel Chirag J³, Patel Pinkesh³, Devesh Kaushik^4
1*Department of Pharmaceutics, Himalayan Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Rajawala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India-248007.
²President & Founder, Tyagi Pharmacy Association (TPA) & Scientific Writer (Pharmacy), Chattarpur, New Delhi, India-110074.
³Department of Pharmaceutics, Maharishi Arvind Institute of Pharmacy, Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India-302020.
⁴Territory Business Manager, Diabetes Division, Abbott Healthcare Private Limited, Okhla, New Delhi, India- 110020.
*roopeshsachan@gmail.com, +91-9557469989, 9236167104

ABSTRACT:
In the world of pharmaceuticals, there is a vital role for robotics to play in the complicated processes of research and development, production, and packaging. Justification for robots ranges from improved worker safety to improved quality. Speeding up the drug discovery process is another benefit of robotics. Drug Production Robotics plays an important role in the manufacture of pharmaceutical drugs because, unlike other industries, pharmaceuticals demand higher speed and accuracy. Devices such as syringes, inhalers, IV bags and diabetes testing kits are made with the help of robotics. There is a great potential for the use of robotics systems in the pharmaceutical industry and pharmaceutical companies are gradually injecting more robotic systems into their operations.

About Authors:
Patel Chirag J^*1, Pinkesh Patel¹, Prof. Satyanand Tyagi², Tarun Parashar³, Soniya³, Roopesh Sachan³, Gaurav Singh^3
1Department of Pharmaceutics, Maharishi Arvind Institute of Pharmacy, Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India-302020.
²President & Founder, Tyagi Pharmacy Association (TPA) & Scientific Writer (Pharmacy), Chattarpur, New Delhi, India-110074.
³Himalayan Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Rajawala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India-248007.
*chirag.bangalore@gmail.com, +91-8000501871

ABSTRACT:
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurologic disease of the brain leading to the irreversible loss of neurons and the loss of intellectual abilities, including memory and reasoning, which become severe enough to impede social or occupational functioning. Alzheimer's disease is also known as simply Alzheimer’s, and Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer Type (SDAT). During the course of the disease plaques and tangles develop within the structure of the brain. This causes brain cells to die. Patients with Alzheimer's also have a deficiency in the levels of some vital brain chemicals which are involved with the transmission of messages in the brain - neurotransmitters. Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia. The disease gets worse as it develops - it is a progressive disease. There is no current cure for Alzheimer's, although there are ways of slowing down its advance and helping patients with some of the symptoms. Alzheimer's is also a terminal disease - it is incurable and causes death. According the National Institute on Aging, there are estimated to be between 2.4 million and 4.5 million Americans who have Alzheimer's. β-Secretase is an aspartic-acid protease important in the formation of myelin sheaths in peripheral nerve cells. The transmembrane protein contains two active site aspartate residues in its extra cellular protein domain and may function as a dimer.

Beta-secretase 1 (BACE1) also known as beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1), memapsin-2 (membrane-associated aspartic protease 2), and aspartyl protease 2 (ASP2) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BACE1 gene.Beta-secretase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BACE2 gene. BACE2 is a close homolog of BACE1, a protease known to be an important enzyme involved in the cellular pathways that some believe lead to Alzheimer's disease. The aim of present article is to provide in depth knowledge about probable role of enzymes BACE1 and BACE2 in the management of Alzheimer's disease (AD). An attempt is also made to focus on general overview of Alzheimer’sdisease.

About Authors:
Soniya^1*, Tarun Parashar¹, Satyanand Tyagi², Patel Chirag J³, Rishikesh Gupta^4
1*Department of Pharmaceutics, Himalayan Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Rajawala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India-248002.
²President, Tyagi Pharmacy Association & Scientific Writer (Pharmacy), Chattarpur, New Delhi, India-110074.
³Department of Pharmaceutics, Maharishi Arvind Institute of Pharmacy, Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India-302020.
⁴Institute of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India-284128.
*soniyarani487@gmail.com 08006939832/09999261031

ABSTRACT:
To obviate the problems associated with conventional dosage forms, mouth dissolving tablets have been developed having good hardness, dose uniformity, easy administration, faster disintegration without water and serves as the first choice of dosage form for pediatrics, geriatrics and traveling patients. Mouth dissolving tablets (MDTs) are also known as fast melting tablets, fast disintegrating tablets, fast dissolving/dispersing tablets or melt in mouth tablets.This article gives a brief review of mechanism of action, technologies used now a day for MDTs,Some of promising drug candidates for MDT and evaluation parameters MDTs.Due to wide significance of MDT, this drug delivery system may lead to better patient compliance and ultimate clinical output.

About Authors:
Tarun Parashar^1*, Soniya¹, Satyanand Tyagi², Patel Chirag J³, Rishikesh Gupta⁴, Ram Narayan Prajapati^4
1*Department of Pharmaceutics, Himalayan Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Rajawala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India-248002.
²President, Tyagi Pharmacy Association & Scientific Writer (Pharmacy), Chattarpur, New Delhi, India-110074.
³Department of Pharmaceutics, Maharishi Arvind Institute of Pharmacy, Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India-302020.
⁴Institute of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India-284128.
*parashar89tarun@gmail.com, +91-7838447014/08006939831

ABSTRACT:
Heat shock proteins (HSP) are a group of proteins the expression of which is increased when the cells are exposed to elevated temperatures. HSP are present in cells under normal conditions, but are expressed at high levels when exposed to sudden temperature jump or other stress. HSP stabilize proteins and are involved in the folding of denatured proteins. High temperatures and other stresses, such as altered pH and oxygen deprivation, make it more difficult for proteins to form their proper structures and cause some already structures protein to unfold. Left uncorrected, mis-folded proteins form aggregates that may eventually kill the cell. HSB are induced rapidly at highly levels to deal with this problem. HSP have wide clinical applications, they are not only useful as Cancervaccine adjuvant as well as anticancer therapeutics, and also they are useful in agricultural field. The aim of present article is to provide in depth knowledge about clinical indications of these proteins so called as “Heat Shock Proteins”.
An attempt is also made to focus on functions, characteristics, types, qualities, clinical significance as well as brief description of Heatshock proteins.

About Authors:
Satyanand Tyagi*, Patel Chirag J¹, Tarun Parashar², Soniya², Rishikesh Gupta³, Devesh Kaushik⁴
*President, Tyagi Pharmacy Association & Scientific Writer (Pharmacy),
Chattarpur, New Delhi, India-110074.
Prof. Satyanand Tyagi is a life time member of various pharmacy professional bodies like IPA, APTI and IPGA. He has published various research papers, review articles and short communications. He is member of Editorial Advisory Board for some reputed Pharmacy Journals. He is appointed as an Author for International Pharmaceutical Writers Association (IPWA). (Appointed as an author for the chapters of book on Pharmaceutical Chemistry). His academic work includes 62 Publications (52 Review Articles, 08 Research Articles and 02 short Communications of Pharmaceutical, Medicinal and Clinical Importance, published in standard and reputed National and International Pharmacy journals; Out of 62 publications, 11 are International Publications). His research topics of interest are neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes mellitus, cancer, rare genetic disorders, psycho-pharmacological agents as well as epilepsy.
¹Department of Pharmaceutics, Maharishi Arvind Institute of Pharmacy, Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India-302020.
²Department of Pharmaceutics, Himalayan Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Rajawala, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India-302020.
³Institute of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India-284128.
⁴Territory Business Manager, Diabetes Division, Abbott Healthcare Private Limited, Okhla, New Delhi, India- 110020.
*sntyagi9 @yahoo.com, +91-9871111375/9582025220

ABSTRACT:
Diabetes is usually a lifelong (chronic) disease in which there are high levels of sugar in the blood. Diabetes, often referred to by doctors as diabetes mellitus, describes a group of metabolic diseases in which the person has high blood glucose (blood sugar), either because insulin production is inadequate, or because the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin, or both. Patients with high blood sugar will typically experience polyuria (frequent urination), they will become increasingly thirsty (polydipsia) and hungry (polyphagia). Cashew nuts have a relatively high fat content, but it's what dieticians consider “good fat.” It's good fat because it has the ideal fat ratio of 1:2:1 for saturated, monosaturated, and polyunsaturated fat.

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