Articles

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Sai Kushal Gunturu*, Tulasi Ram Nayak Menavath, Ramadoss Karthikeyan
Vignan Pharmacy College, Vadlamudi-522213, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India

ABSTRACT
Nitrosamines belongs to a family of potent carcinogenic substances that have been rigorously stidie dover the past decades due to its extreme carcinogenic nature to animals as well as humans. It is generally found as an industrial contaminant but can also the exposure to the substance maybe due to soil, water or food contamination. The carcinogenicity to humans is caused by the metabolised product of nitrosamines especially, N-nitroso compounds.

One of the most extensively studied compound of this fami.ly is N-Nitroso dimethylamine due to its potency in the formation of cancers. N-Nitroso dimethylamine induces cancers in the stomach due to its metabolism in the gut and the production of toxic metabolites. Frequently N-Nitroso dimethylamine exposure is via skin absorption and also via ingestion.

Under extensive researches in mice, in oral administration it is found to induce cancers of lung, kidney and stomach. It was proposed that the toxic nature of N-Nitroso dimethylamine is due to the highly – oxygen reactive species forming metabolite nature and also altering the activity of liver microsomal enzymes.

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Saranya K*, Sivakumar G, Gopalasatheeskumar K, Arulkumaran G
KMCH college of Pharmacy, The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University,
Tamil Nadu, India

ABSTRACT
Plants plays a major role in health as medicine since the human era began. The Palmyra tree is the official tree of Tamil Nadu state in India. All of its parts could be used for medicinal properties. This magnanimous tree is found with gums, albuminoids, steroidal glycosides, fats, and carbohydrate like sucrose, spirostane type steroids like borassosides and dioscin. The aim of this review was the updated research of this plant for its pharmacological screening. This review article is focused attentively on medicinal property of the plant Borassus flabellifer linn belongs to the family of Arecaceae. In this review was concluded that the plants are having various pharmacological actions like anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anthelmintic, diuretic, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-nociceptive, anti-bacterial, wound healing, anti-convulsant, and anti-microbial properties.

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Jigar Vyas*, Juhi H. Patel, Riya N. Patel, Daxini kapil, Kumar vinodbhai
Sigma Institute of Pharmacy,
Ajwa-Nimeta road, Bakrol, Vadodara, Gujarat

ABSTRACT
Recently, incidences of breast cancer are increasing and it has become a leading cause of cancer related deaths of women globally. Though pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries are developing, and researchers are working to find a better treatment of breast cancer patients to improve the effectiveness of current therapy, the survival rate is very low. A lot of research is going on based on lipid particulate systems which has versatile applications for the treatment of life-threatening diseases such as breast cancer. Out of various lipid particulate systems, liposomes have been studied and explored widely as they have many applications such as improving solubility of antitumor drugs, reduces the side effects, long circulation in blood, possibility of passive and active targeting to tumor cells. Liposomal system is most popular because of its biocompatibility, capability to encapsulate hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic drugs, ease of surface modification and wide range of applications.   Thus, a thorough research is ongoing for upgradation of liposomes as multipotential carriers and its effective therapeutic. Therefore, this review article includes the recent development and techniques of liposomal nano formulations drug delivery system. This review majorly focuses on the breast cancer and its therapy, current challenges in experimental and clinical studies in liposomal formulations. 

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Byreddy sowmya*, Gandluri sravani, Hari Priya Mullamuri.
Sri Padmavathi School of pharmacy,
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University,
Anantapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India

ABSTRACT
Any medication used for diagnosis, prophylaxis or treatment of the patient is capable of producing an adverse reaction. Allergy is the most common unexpected adverse reaction; encountered with antibiotics, salicylates, ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitors and dye agents. Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) is a chemical substance that is widely used as a permanent hair dye. PPD is used in hair dye because it is a permanent dye that gives a natural look, and the dyed hair can also be shampooed or permed without losing its colour. Fully oxidized PPD is not a sensitiser, but the intermediate, partially oxidised form of PPD may cause contact allergic dermatitis in sensitive individuals.In this case report we discuss about the ppd allergy in the older person who are having diabetes ,hypertension and heart diseases. The case is being reported to bring attention of the medical fraternity towards importance of sound pharmaco-vigilance and prepare them to with efficient preventive measures before using of these dyes. This case can also provide a vital data regarding anaphylactic reaction to a dye.

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P.Mounika*, Sanjit, Abhishek pandey, Dilraj Yadav
Gautham College of Pharmacy,
Bangalore – 560032

ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of the present study was to develop Bilayered tablets of Nifedipine and atenolol. Bilayered tablet contains two layers. We can formulate first layer into immediate release and second layer into sustained release for desired action. Nifedipine have half-life 2hrs make the drug suitable for immediate release. Atenolol have half-life 6-7hrs make the drug suitable for sustained release.
Methods: In this formulation using super disintegrants for immediate release, acacia and ethyl cellulose as a polymers for sustained release. Tablets were prepared by wet granulation method. In this study Bilayered tablets of Nifedipine and Atenolol tablets were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, thickness, drug content and In-vitro studies.
Results: Bi-layer tablet is suitable for sequential release of two drugs in combination, separate to incompatible substances and also for immediate release as initial dose and sustained release as maintenance dose. In Immediate release formulation, IR-F-3 formulation gives 98% release within 15min. For sustained effect SR-F-3, SR-F-1 gives 98% release within 8-9hrs. SR-F-2 gives 99% release within 10-11hrs for a longer period of time.
Conclusion: The combination of IF-3 and SR-F-2 suitable for formulation. This formulation is used for Bilayered tablet to combine with sustained released tablet. The evaluation parameters were estimated.

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Manohar D. Kengar*, Jameer A. Tamboli, Chandrakant S. Magdum
Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon, Dist – Sangli, Maharashtra, India

ABSTRACT
Pharmaceutical Quality by Design (QBD) is a systematic approach to development that begins with predetermined objectives and emphasizes the understanding of production and processes and process control, based on sound science and quality risk management. Quality purchasing design (QBD) is emerging to increase the promise of providing safe and effective medicines to customers and promises to improve the efficiency of product quality. Quality means eligibility for use. The quality of the medication means that the product provides therapeutic benefits to the label reproducible and free from contamination on the label. In vivo or in vitro performance test can be evaluated for drug production. Dietite by Quality guarantees the performance of the product in vitro and the performance of the in vitro product in the in vivo product. "So the quality design is related to the product."

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P.Mounika^*, Sanjit, Abhishek pandey
Gautham College of Pharmacy
Hebbal, Bengaluru, Karnataka

ABSTRACT:
All active pharmaceutical ingredients are having good therapeutic activity and show poor oral bioavailability , because of poor solubility .The present study is to investigate to improve the solubility of Felodipine using different carriers and different methods of preparation of techniques to identify that which carrier and suitable method of preparation. All formulation are evaluated for hardness, friability, drug content uniformity, and in vitro dissolution studies. Among all the formulations three formulation shows good drug release and the formulation with direct compression method shows good drug release compared to other formulation among all the formulation Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with direct compression is considered as ideal formulation from the study.

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Nilima A. Thombre*, Swati Madhukar Gaikwad, Kanchan Subhash Chaudhari
MET’S Institute of Pharmacy, Adgaon, Nashik, Maharashtra, India

ABSTRACT:
Analgesics are the substances which are used in pain, without losing consciousness. The word analgesic derives from Greek an- ("without") and algos ("pain"). Analgesic drugs act in various form on the central nervous systems and peripheral nervous system. Various sources of analgesic drugs synthetic analgesic and natural analgesic, natural analgesics like opoid analgesics, Aloevera Barbedensis, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Zingiber Officinale, Eugenia caryophyllata, Cinnamomum camphora, Matricaria pubescens etc. This review gives information about different analgesic obtained from natural sources.

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AK Mohiuddin
Department of Pharmacy, World University of Bangladesh,
Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh

ABSTRACT
In the business world, customer relationship management is utilized to hold customer reliability so as to expand income. Healthcare associations can fabricate a similar sort of relationship with patients, and it can likewise offer progressively unmistakable advantages. The principal advantage is by utilizing a similar hospital a patient's treatment history ought to be moderately outstanding by the association. Intermittently, extraordinary hospitals utilize distinctive patient data frameworks which are not constantly perfect with one another. On the off chance that a patient continues changing the hospital, his or her medical record can be dissipated around different destinations. In a perfect world, if the patient is treated by a similar doctor in each visit, that doctor will get progressively comfortable with the patient, which could enhance treatment. The most unmistakable advantage, be that as it may, is time. In the event that the patient goes to a similar doctor inevitably, there is no requirement for long registration toward the start of each visit. In spite of the fact that a developing collection of proof backings the utilization of cell phone short message service (SMS) for increasing physical movement, sustenance, and smoking suspension, past investigations were constrained by an attention on center to upper pay populaces, and have not focused on transcendently country networks outside the healthcare conveyance framework. Hospital websites are considered as a fitting framework for trading data and building up correspondence between patients, hospitals, and medical staff. Website character, website contact intelligence, shopping accommodation, just as consideration and service are the variables to the extent the patient relationship management is concerned. In healthcare situations, patients are considered as the primary customers; in this way, the term Patient Relationship Management (PRM) is utilized in these unique situations. PRM permits healthcare focuses to have a superior understanding into the requirements of patients while giving them better consideration. Thusly, PRM gives a chance to utilize information and data to comprehend customers and to make an incentive with them. The requirement for PRM developed when associations comprehended that it was less exorbitant to keep their present customers, while pulling in another customer would be more-expensive for an association than keeping their present customers.