March 2013

National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) was founded by Sir Robert McCarrison in the year 1918 as ‘Beri-Beri’ Enquiry Unit in a single room laboratory at the Pasteur Institute, Coonoor, Tamil Nadu. Within a short span of seven years, this unit blossomed into a "Deficiency Disease Enquiry" and later in 1928, emerged as full-fledged "Nutrition Research Laboratories" (NRL) with Dr. McCarrison as its first Director. It was shifted to Hyderabad in 1958.

The Staff Selection Commission is functioning under the Department of Personnel & Training, Government of India. Initially known as Subordinate Services Commission, it was set up on 1 July 1976 primarily to make recruitment on zonal basis for non-technical Group C posts under the Central Government, except the post for which recruitment was made by Railway Service Commission and the industrial establishments.

The National Research Institute for Panchakarma ( NRIP ) is one of the more than 30 Institutes under Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, which is an autonomous body under Department of AYUSH, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India. The CCRAS is the Apex body in India for formulation, development and promotion of research in Ayurvedic system of medicine.

Dayanand Medical College & Hospital (DMCH) Ludhiana, Punjab, India is a 1326 bedded (Inclusive 800 teaching beds) tertiary care teaching hospital in North India. The institution has an imposing complex of modern buildings and is equipped with all kinds of modern facilities for providing excellent care to the patients and training to the undergraduate and postgraduate students. All the clinical departments, along with the diagnostic laboratories provide round-the-clock service at the campus.

National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (NIRRH), formerly known as Institute for Research in Reproduction is a premier research institute of the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). It is situated in the vicinity of a number of hospitals and research institutes in central Mumbai. Since its inception in 1970, it has been making vigorous efforts to improve the reproductive health of people through research, education and health care services.

About Authors:
Kritika Rastogi, U.K. Singh, A.K. Chaturvedi
Kharvel Subharti College of Pharmacy, (swami vivekanand subharti university) subhartipuram,
N.H-58, Meerut By Pass Road, Meerut, Uttar pradesh-250001,India.
*kritikarastogi6@gmail.com

Abstract
Insulin remains the most effective and durable hypoglycemic agent for the treatment of diabetes. Insulin is a major protein hormone secreted by beta –cells of the pancreas and is important for the control of diabetes. Insulin has an important place in drug therapies for insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (type I) and for many patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type II). It would be highly advantageous if insulin could be administered orally, because the oral delivery of insulin can mimic the physiological fate of insulin and may provide better glucose homeostasis. The desire to deliver protein and peptide biopharmaceuticals conveniently and effectively has led to the intense investigation of targeted delivery systems. The goal of oral insulin delivery devices is to protect the sensitive drug from proteolytic degradation in the stomach and upper portion of the small intestine.