Articles

5 January 2014

FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROEMULSION BASED GEL OF ANTIFUNGAL DRUG

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About Authors:
Patel Rahul R.*, Dr Kanu R Patel, Dr Mukesh R Patel
Department of Pharmaceutics,
Shri B.M.Shah College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
Dhansura Road College campus Modasa,
Dist:- Arvali. Pin code:- 383315 Gujarat, (india)
rahulrpatel21089@yahoo.com

Abstract
Micro emulsion based Gel formulation provides better application property and stability & makes it dual control release system in comparison to cream and ointment. Topical Microemulsion based gel drug administration is a localized drug delivery system anywhere in the body through ophthalmic, rectal, vaginal and skin as topical routes. Many advantages of gels a major limitation is in the delivery of hydrophobic drugs. So to overcome this limitation an Microemulsion based approach is being used so that even a hydrophobic therapeutic moiety can enjoy the unique properties of gels. Whenever, it is used for fungal disease for topical delivery system, it is good for compare to oral delivery. When gels and Micro emulsions are used in combined form the dosage form are referred as Microemulsion based gel. Skin is one of the most extensive and readily accessible organs on human body for topical administration and is main route of topical drug delivery system. It is prepared by mixing an oil-in-water type or water-in-oil type emulsion with a gelling agent.The use of Micro emulsion based gels can be extended in analgesics and antifungal drugs.
3 January 2014

A REVIEW ON CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

ABOUT AUTHORS:
¹Rashmi Verma, ²Rakesh Tiwle
¹Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research, Bhilai, 491024, C.G
²Shri Laxmanrao Maker Institute of Pharmacy, Amgaon, Gondia, Maharashtra, India- 441902.
rashmi.verma501@gmail.com
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ABSTRACT
In the ancient age COPD has a variable natural history and not all individuals follow the same course about 15-20% of smokers develop clinically significant COPD. It is characterized by the airflow obstruction that is not fully reversible. It is predominantly caused by smoking, particularly occupational exposures, may also contribute to the development of COPD. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is diagnosed using a medical device called a spirometer, which measures air volume and flow, the main components of common clinical breathing tests (pulmonary function tests). Long-term exposure to lung irritants that damage the lungs and the airways usually is the cause of COPD. In this article we are focus about and detail review on the COPD.
2 January 2014

NANOCOCHLEATE: NOVEL BYPASS OF CONVENTIONAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

ABOUT AUTHORS:
Harsh Vyas¹*, Tulsi Upadhyay¹, Nirali Thakkar¹, Kruti Patel¹, Umesh Upadhyay²,
¹Students, ²Faculty of pharmacy
Sigma Institute of Pharmacy,
Bakrol, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
*vyas123harsh@gmail.com, tulsiupadhyay90@gmail.com

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ABSTRACT:
Nanocochleate is a novel lipid based drug delivery system offering systemic and oral delivery of various charged drug molecules. It is formed by negatively charged lipid bilayer. Nanocochleate can encapsulate drugs which are hydrophobic, positively charged, negatively charged and poor orally bioavailable. It is also very much beneficial for oral absorption for peptide drugs that possess a net positive charge. Nanocochleate is beneficial for molecules having binding sites inside the cell. The property that nanocochleates can facilitate cross membrane diffusion for charged and impermeable molecules finds wide application in drug delivery. Nanocochleate have been proven better than liposomes and more compatible with body environment. They differ from liposomes by its structure and compatibility to the body. Liposomes are lipid bilayer with aqueous inner environment and unlike liposomes nanocochleates are having charged lipid bilayer without aqueous environment and are multilayer lipid matrix i.e. Cochleate.

Various methods of its formulation, structure, merits demerits and wide range of application are described in this article.
1 January 2014

A PARADIGM SHIFT IN DRUG REGULATIONS IN TAIWAN

About Authors:
*Parasiya Sachin kumar R., Balamuralidhara V., Pramod Kumar T.M., Rohit Gujarati, Abhisek Shukla, Vandana Kshatri
Pharmaceutical Regulatory Affairs Group, Dept. of Pharmaceutics,
JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS University, S.S Nagar, Mysore-570015, Karnataka, India
*sachin_patel2007@yahoo.com
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Abstract
Across Asia, a convergence of economic trends, government policies and greater awareness among the general public of healthcare issues has created an environment that is poised for dramatic growth and change. Taiwan, for instance, can be taken as an example. Taiwan has one of Asia's most highly-praised healthcare systems with excellent provision of healthcare and key health outcomes. Nevertheless, the government is facing new pressures for public healthcare reforms as result of a rapidly ageing population and rising healthcare costs. This paper provides an introductory overview of Taiwan’s sudden changes in its drug regulations due to TFDA (The Taiwan Food and Drug Administration) establishment in 2010, TFDA of the Department of Health (DOH) made an advance announcement about the “amendment draft of the Provisions Governing the Registration and Market Approval of Drugs”, which amends a total of 40 Articles. Without impeding the quality, safety and therapeutic effect of drugs, most of the amended Articles are about simplification of application procedures and loosening of regulations for drug registration and market approval. Regulations loosened are imposed on new drugs, radioactive drugs, allergenic drugs and drugs for export that is intended to accelerate the process to sell new drugs on the market and promote the export of domestically manufactured drugs. As a result of these changes in regulations many pharmaceutical MNCs and local manufacturers explored their business in Taiwan due to quick approval of their NDAs and gained more flexibility in the local market. To support Taiwan's generic drug industry, DOH has also decided to take measures to simplify and reduce the ANDA application time.
30 December 2013

PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF THE ANTIPROLIFERATIVE POTENTIAL OF THE HERBAL FORMULA EKPO AGANWO

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29 December 2013

DRUG INDUCED MITOCHONDRIAL TOXICITY: MECHANISTIC DIVERSITY AND DELETERIOUS CONSEQUENCES FOR THE LIVER

About Authors:
Keyur S. Patel*, Mital Mehta
Department of Pharmacology,
Anand Pharmacy College, Anand.
Gujarat, India.
keyurpatel200189@gmail.com
27 December 2013

TILLING: VERSATILE REVERSE GENETIC TOOL

About Authors:
Navgeet¹, Balraj Singh Gill², Arvind Negi³*, Shashi Shekhar Anand²
¹Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur (HP)
²Centre for Biosciences Central University of Punjab, Bathinda (Punjab)
³Centre for Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda (Punjab)
26 December 2013

WHAT IS NEEDED TO MAKE A CAREER WORTH APING IN PHARMACEUTICAL ORGANIZATION?

Introduction
Education leads to development of an individual and these individuals are expected to develop the larger mass of people, constituting society, city and ultimately nation. Education must deliver the result. A proper education and allied training make a person job-ready. Cut throat competition is taking its toll and students are taking extreme steps. This cut throat competition prevailing in almost all domains is changing equations across human resource (HR) departments. In pharmaceutical sciences opportunities are like never before. This sentence may sound ridiculous to some and some may approve it. First of all, let me demystify the fact that pharmaceutical sciences involve many sciences so students end up with the tag “Jack of all, master of none”. Why one forgets that pharmaceutical sciences mean (in broader sense) discovering-developing and launching new molecules and this is not possible by a person sound in only one stream/subject. This is not the job of every Tom, Dick and Harry or any Tom, Dick or Harry. Here comes the role of graduate or post graduate who has tremendous knowledge of the relevant field. Jobs are aplenty, especially after India became signatory country in newer patent laws (process patent since 2005). These news rules forced the closing of many reverse engineering chapters; but the silver line is that it also forced Indian pharma think tank to discover new molecules, which will require trained and talented man power. Credit for first such molecule goes to Ahmadabad based Cadila Healthcare Ltd. This article very precisely highlights the job scenario and allied aspects.
25 December 2013

FRUITS & VEGGIES GRANDIOSE ON PESTICIDES

Various investigations and concerning research reports reveal that although a Pesticides Act exists to safeguard consumer interest, there is no MRL (Maximum Residue Level) in place or regulations to enforce it. Nearly every food item from rice to veggies and fruits available in the market are contaminated with poisonous pesticides, authorities caution. Pesticides and insecticides could be detrimental to people’s immune and reproductive systems. It can even lead to infertility. Developmental toxins’ in these chemicals may adversely affect the development in children. They may also act as endocrine disrupters, leading to hormonal imbalances. These chemicals are also not biodegradable(able to decompose naturally). As such, they persist for a long time and get transferred into the food chain. This means that overtime, they get deposited in the human body.
25 December 2013

GENERIC DAVIDS AND INNOVATOR GOLIATHS

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ABOUT AUTHOR:
Amit Gangwal
Department of Pharmacognosy,
Smriti college of pharmaceutical education, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
gangwal.amit@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Patents provide an incentive to the pharmaceutical industry to invest in the development of new medicines to treat diseases that are currently untreatable or incurable, and provide options when patients develop resistance to older drugs. Around the world it has been a challenge for last one or two decades to innovate concepts and mechanisms to hasten the drug development schemes/process, while augmenting dereplication ways in a full proof manner to save time, man power and financial input. High failure rate at any stage in drug development process is bothering and evoking various tools to be discussed like never before. The pharmaceutical industries world over, are in a period of crisis due to the poor number of approved drug molecules relative to the high levels of R&D investment. The drug industry is facing major scientific and strategic challenges. Moreover competition from generic giants is giving tough challenge to established products owing to end of patent rights. The concerns are further aggravated by couple of decisions announced by Indian courts (Nexavar® followed by long time pending battle of Gleevac®). These two decrees by Indian courts were not ruled in the favor of pharma giants; Bayer and Novartis respectively. Millions are dying in various part of world, owing to their inability to purchase the Elite Drugs, because of intellectual property rights. In this article various pros and cons have been discussed pertaining to generic medicines and patent fights of innovators world over.