Review Articles

14 July 2014

A REVIEW PAPER ON PSYCHIATRY DISORDERS & ITS TREATMENT BY AYURVEDIC APPROACH

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
Kuntal Pal¹, Sampat Kumar Kundu², Shatabisha Bhattacharjee², Shounak Roy³
¹Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Barkaccha, Mirzapur.
²Gurunanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Sodepur, West Bengal.
³Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand
sampatkundu001@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Psychiatric disorders are astonishingly common. In any given year, over 25 percent of adults have one or more diagnosable mental disorders, according to the National Institute of Mental Health. For the most part, psychiatric disorders are highly responsive to treatment. There have many ayurvedic plants/medicine which are effectively use for the psychiatric disorders. Ayurveda, being a stream of treatment, can no way ignore the importance of psychic condition of a patient to effectively diagnosis and treat disorders. Medical science admits that the root cause of multiple disorders lies in psychic tensions. Ayurveda too has a well developed branch of psychiatry, which has clinically proven practices of treating mental ailments and also physical problems associated with psychological imbalances. On a psychological level we naturally try to harmonies these problems but if we are not able to it can lead to a mental disorders. The causes are many but often stem from our own way of looking at things and the inability or unwillingness of our mind to process what is happening. Sometimes we just don’t want to let go of a belief or viewpoint. At other times we might be attached to a result and when something comes to challenge this, as life tends to do, we find our mind under stress in trying to work through the issue. On an unconscious level the mind may know what to do but at a conscious level the mind wants to do something else creating a conflict between the inner and outer, or the personality and the soul. The result often manifests as a Mental Disorder or sickness.
17 June 2014

A SHORT REVIEW ON POTENTIAL ACTIVITIES OF BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES

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ABOUT AUTHOR:
Balram Soni*
Psychiatric Centre, S.M.S. Medical College,
Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
brpharma@rediffmail.com

ABSTRACT
Benzimidazole derivatives have shown hopeful activity in the treatment of several diseases, for this reason, the synthesis of novel benzimidazole remains a main focus for researchers. This review article summarizes the chemistry of different derivatives of benzimidazole along with their biological activities. The review article also covers the most active benzimidazole derivatives that have shown considerable pharmacological actions.
16 June 2014

A REVIEW ON IMMEDIATE RELEASE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
Mohalkar Rahul¹*, Poul Bhagwat², Patil S.S¹, Shetkar M.A¹, Dilip Chavan¹
¹ Department of Quality Assurance, Maharashtra College of Pharmacy, Nilanga
² Principal of Maharashtra College of Pharmacy, Nilanga,
Latur, Maharashtra, India.
*rahulmohalkar@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
The oral drug delivery system which includes the solid dosages form such as conventional dosages form and immediate release dosages form. Form last several decades conventional dosage forms like capsule, solid, pills, powder, solution, emulsion, suspension aerosols are used in the various treatments of acute or chronic disease. Today this formulation can be considered as primary pharmaceutical product are mostly seen in overalls market. Tablet is most popular among the all dosages forms today and recently found mostly accepted tablet dosages forms. Because of its convenience easy to administration, convenience of self administration, compactness and easy for the manufacturing. In number of cases immediate onset of action is required than conventional therapy. The basic approach used in development immediate release solid dosages form by using superdisintegrant like sodium starch glycolate (Primogel, Explotab), Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) etc. which provides in instantaneous disintegration of tablet after administration. By using various techniques in can be formulate like wet granulation, direct compression etc. Hence its having A new dosage form allows a manufacturer to extend market exclusivity, while offering its patient population a more convenient dosage form or dosing regimen.
9 June 2014

ANTI-CANCER (NOVEL AGENTS): A REVIEW

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ABOUT AUTHORS:
V. Sravanthi*, Mayure vijay kumar, G.J.Finny, C.P.Meher
Department of pharmaceutical chemistry, Maheshwara College of Pharmacy
Isnapur chitkul ‘X’ road, Patancheru, Hyderabad-502307
*v.sravanthi27@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:
Cancer is a class of diseases characterized by out-of-control cell growth. Cancer cells damage the body by multiplying their cells uncontrollably to form masses of tissue named as tumor. Tumors cells can grow and interfere with the digestive, nervous, and circulatory systems, and they can release hormones that alter body function. Tumors that are severe to body are called cancerous tumors, and temporary cells that are affected to body are not harmful and called as benign tumors. Nearly 100’s of cancers are known to be effecting the humans. According to this concern the presented review outlines the novel anticancer agents how they are useful, their mechanism, and chemistry has briefly discussed in this article, the main aim of these review is to evaluate the complete novel anticancer drugs under single review paper.
29 May 2014

DNA MICROSATELLITES: A REVIEW

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9 May 2014

A POTENT TARGET FOR CANCER TREATMENT – TUMOR HYPOXIA NECROSIS: AN OVERVIEW

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8 May 2014

BRAIN AS A SANCTURIAN SITE IN DRUG DELIVERY APPROACHES TO IMPROVE BIOAVAILABILITY IN BRAIN

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ABOUT AUTHOR
Sagar Vishwanath Sonawane*
Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology,
Institute of Chemical Technology,
Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
*sssagarvs@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Brain is the highly protected organ of the body by the sanctuary known as blood brain barrier (BBB). BBB comprises of tight junctions formed by the closed fenestration network of astrocytes, pericytes microglial cells and endothelial cells. Thus it is very difficult for drug molecules to cross BBB. Thus various approaches are discussed to overcome this barrier. Disruption of BBB was conventional invasive approach. The permeability of BBB increases in various diseases. This increased permeability of BBB is made use for drug trafficking. With advances in nanotechnology, various nanocarrier systems including Polymeric nanoparticles, Micelle, Dendrimer, Liposomes, Solid lipid nanoparticles, Nanostuctured lipid carriers, nanogels, etc. emerged as potential delivery systems.
Administration of inhibitors of p-glycoprotein with drug is another approach. Making lipophilic prodrugs of active drug substances can also be done.
Recently PEGylation of nanoparticles can be done to improve its half life in the body, known as the stealth technology. Further various receptor mediated processes are made use of for transport of nanocarrier across BBB. In this method the nanocarrier is attached to the targeting ligand thus making it receptor specific. The newer concept of molecular Trojan horses is also discussed. Finally the advantages of intranasal drug delivery are emphasized.
23 March 2014

HISTORY OF CATIONIC VS ANIONIC: IN NASAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

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ABOOUT AUTHORS:
Manu Sharma¹, Shikha Chaudhary¹, Dharmendra Kumar^2*
¹ R.V.Northland institute, greater Noida, Dadri, UP, India²Brahmanand Group of Institution, 195, Khurja G.T Road, Buldshahar Uttar Pradesh, India.
*rvnimiet@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Chitosan as cationic and pectin as anionic are natural polysaccharides which show great potential in nasal drug delivery system. Chitosan’s are strongly poly-cationic. They are derivatives of poly-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Chitosan’s have positive charge that is responsible for mucoadhesion and play an important role in nasal drug delivery system Pectin’s have several structural elements: Homogalactouronan are smooth and Rhamnogalactouronan are hairy which play a very important role.By methyl esterifications, pectin’s are divided in two types: High methoxypectin’s and low methoxypectin’s. Low methoxypectin’s are very important in the formulation of nasal gel, because they have properties to form the gel with calcium ion (Ca²⁺).
12 March 2014

TO REVIEW THE PATHOGENESIS, TRADITIONAL TREATMENT AND FUTURE TRENDS IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF HIV INFECTIONS

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About Authors:
Muhammad Asim Javaid*, Emanual Michael Patelia, Annamaria Gal, Muhammad Saleem Qureshi
University of Bedfordshire,
Park Square Campus, Luton, LU1 3JU.
asimtarar@gmail.com

Abstract:
The HIV infection has a major role in the human immunodeficiency syndrome. According to the literature review, the main factor is the reduction of CD4 cells and increment in the growth of B-cells with hypergammaglobulinamia. The HIV has the external glycoprotein-120(gp120) and the trans-membrane protein (gp41) which is attached with the CD4 receptors and one or both chemokine receptors (CCR5, CXCR4) on the surface of the host cell. Before selecting the suitable regimens, resistance testing, efficacy against virus, tolerability, dosing frequency, pill burden, drug interactions and patient preferences must be considered. Initially the combination of 2nRTIs along with third suitable member from any other class may be considered as a suitable treatment. A number of drug classes have been proved effective in the treatment of HIV infections; they are nucleoside nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, protease inhibitors and entry inhibitors.
10 March 2014

PROSTAGLANDINS AND ITS TYPES

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About Authors:
S. Ramya Silpa
Department of Pharmacology,
Balaji College of Pharmacy, Anantapur, AP, India.
shilpasankarapu@gmail.com

Abstract:
Prostaglandins are potent bioactive lipid messengers synthesized from arachidonic acid mediated by enzyme COX. Prostaglandins (PGs) play a key role in the initiation of the inflammatory response. Their biosynthesis is significantly increased in inflamed tissue, and they contribute to the development of the cardinal signs of acute inflammation. Although the proinflammatory properties of individual PGs during the acute inflammatory response are well established, their role in the resolution of inflammation is more controversial.