Shree Mahavir Institute of Pharmacy

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About Authors:
Yogesh K. Patil
Lecturer, Department of Pharmacology,
Shree Mahavir Institute of Pharmacy,
Nashik.
yogesh_kpatil85@yahoo.co.in

Abstract:
Endothelial dysfunction is mainly observed in diabetics. The main role of endothelium is to control the tone of the vascular smooth muscle through the production of vasodilator mediators like nitric oxide (NO), prostacyclin, and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF). Impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation has been observed in vascular beds of different animal models of diabetes and in humans with type 1 and 2 diabetes. Hyperglycaemia causes repeated acute changes in intracellular metabolism and causes activation of polyol pathway, activation of protein kinase C, advanced glycation end product and increased oxidative stress.