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October 2016

 

 

academics

 

Clinical research courses

Explain the significance of magnitude of “J” constant in structure elucidations.

Q.3. (b) Explain the significance of magnitude of “J” constant in structure elucidations.
Ans.3. (b) Coupling constant: The distance between the centers of the two adjacent peaks in a multiplet is usually constant and is usually called the coupling constant. The value of the coupling constant is independent of the external field. It is measured in Hertz (Hz) or in cps (cycles per second). It is denoted by the letter J.

Illustrate the following with suitable examples

Q.3. (a) Illustrate the following with suitable examples
(i)Diamagnetic anisotropy
(ii)Correlation Spectroscopy and its significance
Ans.3. (a)
(i). Diamagnetic Anisotropy: Diamagnetic anisotropy is the shielding and deshielding depending on the orientation of the molecule with respect to the applied magnetic field.
Anisotropy is the property of a molecule in different orientations which show variations in physical properties along different axes of the molecule.

Discuss briefly the theory of ESR spectroscopy

Q.3. (a) Discuss briefly the theory of ESR spectroscopy, spin-spin splitting and its qualitative applications
Ans.3. (a) Electron Spin Resonance It is a branch of absorption spectroscopy in which radiation having frequency in the microwave region is absorbed by paramagnetic substances to induce transitions between magnetic energy levels of electrons with unpaired spins. The magnetic energy splitting is done by applying a static magnetic field.

Explain ATR phenomenon and its applications

(a) Explain ATR phenomenon and its applications
Ans.2.(a) ATRInternal reflection spectroscopy is a technique for obtaining IR spectra of samples that are difficult to deal with, such as solids of limited solubility, films, threads, pastes, adhesives, and powders. Principle when a beam of radiation passes from a denser to a less dense medium, reflection occurs. The fraction of the incident beam reflected increases as the angle of incidence becomes larger; beyond a certain critical angle, reflection is complete. It has been shown both theoretically and experimentally that during the reflection process the beam penetrate a small distance into the less dense medium before reflection occurs. 

BASICS OF AGING THEORIES AND DISEASE RELATED AGING - AN OVERVIEW

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ABOUT AUHTORS
Abhijit De*, Chandan Ghosh
Department of Pharmaceutical Science,
Bengal School of Technology, Sugandha,
Hooghly, West Bengal, India
* abhi8981@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Aging is characterized by a progressive loss of physiological integrity, leading to impaired function and increased vulnerability to death. This deterioration is the primary risk factor for major human pathologies including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, several theories and mechanisms have been put to explain the molecular basis of aging. For example, random damage of the DNA of somatic cell is believed to accumulate with increasing age. Free radicals produced during oxidation of metabolites for energy production also damage DNA and proteins.

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Applications are invited for one Junior Research Fellow in A. R. College of Pharmacy

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